2. 外语
  3. Read the article below about managing across cultures. Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on

Read the article below about managing across cultures. Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on

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问题     Read the article below about managing across cultures.
    Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.
    For each question(19-33), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.
    There is an example at the beginning(0).
                        The International Manager
    In recent years, many companies have(0)A globally. They have done this【C1】______mergers, joint ventures and co-operation with foreign companies. Because of this globalization trend, many more employees are working abroad in managerial positions or as part of a multicultural team.
    Although it is common nowadays for staff to work abroad to gain experience, many people have difficulty【C2】______the new culture. The failure rate in US multinationals is estimated to be as high as 30% and it【C3】______US business $3 billion a year.
    Two typical failures have been【C4】______in the journal Management Today. The first example【C5】______a German manager with IBM who took【C6】______a position as production manager in England. He found that at most lunchtimes and especially on Fridays, many members of staff went to the pub. "I stopped that right away," he says. " Now they are not allowed off the premises. It didn’ t make me very popular at the time but it is not good for【C7】______. There is no way we would do that in Germany. No way."
    The second example is about an American manager who came to France on a management assignment. He was unable to win the【C8】______of his staff although he tried all kinds of ways to do so. He set clear goals, worked longer hours than everybody, participated in all the projects, visited people’s offices and even took employees out to lunch one by one. But nothing seemed to work. This was because the staff believed strongly that the management were trying to【C9】______them.
    The German manager’s mistake was that he hadn’t【C10】______the cultural differences. IBM had a firm rule about drinking during working hours. It was not allowed. He didn’t understand that staff in other countries might be more【C11】______in applying the rule.
    The American manager used the ways he was familiar【C12】______to gain the staff’s trust. To them, he seemed more interested in getting the job done than【C13】______personal relationships. By walking around and visiting everyone in their offices, perhaps he gave the【C14】______that he was "checking up" on staff. His managerial approach strengthened their feeling of exploitation.
    When managers work in foreign countries, they may find it difficult to understand the behavior of their employees. Moreover, they may find that the【C15】______which worked at home are not effective in their new workplace.
Example:
A expanded B extended C prolonged D explored

【C15】
选项 A、skills
B、expertise
C、technology
D、techniques
答案D
解析 文中最后一句总结了管理者在跨文化管理中的问题。整篇文章所述内容均围绕管理者的管理方法或技巧问题，故据此可判断出，此句意为：他们发现在国内本来奏效的管理技巧在新的工作环境里竟然无效。选项A、B、C分别意为：“技能”；“专业知识”；“技术”，与句意不符。故选项D为正确答案。
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