2. 考研
  3. A simple idea supports science: "trust, but verify". Results should always be【C1】______to challenge from experiment. That simple

A simple idea supports science: "trust, but verify". Results should always be【C1】______to challenge from experiment. That simple

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问题     A simple idea supports science: "trust, but verify". Results should always be【C1】______to challenge from experiment. That simple but powerful idea has【C2】______a vast body of knowledge.【C3】______its birth in the 17th century, modern science has changed the world【C4】______recognition, and overwhelmingly for the better.
    But success can【C5】______self-contentment. Modern scientists are doing too much trusting and not enough verifying, which does harm to both the whole of science and humanity.
    Too many of the【C6】______that fill the academic field are the result of inferior experiments or poor analysis. A rule of thumb among biotechnology venture-capitalists is that half of【C7】______research cannot be reproduced. Even that may be【C8】______. Last year researchers at one biotech firm, Amgen, found they could reproduce just six of 53 "landmark" studies in cancer research. Earlier, a group at Bayer, a drug company,【C9】______to repeat just a quarter of 67 similarly important papers. A leading computer scientist complains that three-quarters of papers in his subfield are nonsense.
    The reasons might lie in this: researchers are no longer willing to verify hypothesis investigated by other scholars since these papers have rare chance to be published. All this makes a poor foundation for an enterprise dedicated【C10】______discovering the truth about the world What might be done to shore it up? One【C11】______should be for all disciplines to follow the example of those that have done most to tighten standards.
    【C12】______research protocols should be registered in advance and monitored in virtual notebooks. This would【C13】______the temptation to distort the experiment’s design so as to make the results look more【C14】______than they are.【C15】______possible, trial data also should be open for other researchers to【C16】______and test.
    Science still【C17】______enormous respect. But its privileged【C18】______is founded on the capacity to be right most of the time and to correct its mistakes when it gets things wrong. And it is not as if the universe is short of【C19】______mysteries to keep generations of scientists hard【C20】______The false trails laid down by inferior research are an unforgivable barrier to understanding.
【C7】
选项 A、circulated
B、discovered
C、exhibited
D、published
答案D
解析 本句的主要意思为“一半的……研究中，有半数是不可复制的”。若想要“复制”，那“研究”应当是“已知的”，学者们的研究结果通过“出版”才会为人们所知。因此D项published“已出版，已发表的”为答案。
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