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  3. By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nati

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nati

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问题     By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nations looked【B2】______to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian colonialism, many of the leaders of independence【B3】______the ideals of representative government, careers【B4】______to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the【B5】______to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 【B6】______there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a【B7】______set of laws.
    On the issue of【B8】______of religion and the position of the Church, 【B9】______, there was less agreement【B10】______the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one【B11】______by the Spanish Crown.【B12】______most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism【B13】______the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the【B14】______of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying【B15】______for the conservative forces.
    The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had【B16】______in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s【B17】______colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much【B18】______because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies【B19】______. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was【B20】______self-rule and democracy.
【B12】
选项 A、Since
B、If
C、Unless
D、While
答案D
解析 考查逻辑衔接。本题考查句内的逻辑关系。空格处所在句意为“大多数领导人致力于保留天主教，______一些人致力于结束…”。关于宗教信仰问题，领导人分成两个派别，即，多数领导人致力于保留天主教为新国家的官方宗教，而一些领导人致力于终结不能有其他宗教信仰的状况。之间有一定转折意味，所以选D．While“(然)而(表比较)”。Since“自…以来；既然(表时间或原因)”；If“如果，即使(表条件或让步)”；Unless“除非，如果不”；均没有转折或比较意味，故排除。
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考研英语一

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