2. 外语
  3. Scientists do not know why this animal became extinct. But some theories postulate that changes in geography, climate and sea le

Scientists do not know why this animal became extinct. But some theories postulate that changes in geography, climate and sea le

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问题 Scientists do not know why this animal became extinct. But some theories postulate that changes in geography, climate and sea levels were held responsible.
选项 A、promise
B、predict
C、pretend
D、presume
答案D
解析    (1)句子结构。
   本题是由两个独立的句子构成。第一个句子的结构为主动宾(SVO)，主语为Scientists，谓语动词为do not know，宾语为why引导的宾语从句。第二个句子的结构同样为主动宾(SVO)，主语为some theories，谓语动词为postulate，that引导的从句为宾语从句。
   (2)选项词义。
   A．promise vt．允诺，许诺；给人以……的指望或希望
   B．predict vt．预言，预测；预示，预告
   C．pretend vt．假装，伪装；假称；装扮
   D．presume vt．认为；假设；推测
   句子大意为“科学家们尚不清楚这种动物灭绝的原因，但一些理论认为其灭绝是因地理、气候和海平面变化所致”。postulate意思是“认为”，与选项中的presume词义最为接近，因此选项D正确。
   【知识拓展】词汇拓展：postulate与presume。
   ①postulate v．to suggest or accept that sth．is true so that it can be used as the basis for a theory, etc．
   e．g．They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container．
   他们认为塑料容器的寿命为500年。
   ②presume v. to accept that sth．is true until it is shown not to be true，especially in court
   e．g．In English law, a person is presumed innocent until proved guilty．
   英国法律规定，在证明一个人有罪之前，会先假定他是无辜的。
   The arrangement presumes that both lenders and borrowers are rational．
   这一协议假定借贷双方都是在神志清楚的状态下签订的。
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