2. 外语
  3. A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because tech

A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because tech

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问题 A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the maximum possible price for such a product. But large profits on the new product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the new product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
选项 A、The first is a consideration raised to argue that a certain strategy is counterproductive; the second presents that strategy.
B、The first is a consideration raised to support the strategy that the argument recommends; the second presents that strategy.
C、The first is a consideration raised to help explain the popularity of a certain strategy; the second presents that strategy.
D、The first is an assumption, rejected by the argument, that has been used to justify a course of action; the second presents that course of action.
E、The first is a consideration that has been used to justify adopting a certain strategy; the second presents the intended outcome of that strategy.
答案C
解析 Argument Construction
Situation Often, when a company comes out with an innovative product, it will price the product as high as it can to maximize profits before the competitors quickly catch up. But this is not a good strategy because the very high price of the new product only encourages competitors to match the technological advance more quickly.
Reasoning Which option best describes the roles that the boldface portions play in the argument? This type of item concerns only the argument’s structure—the way it is intended to work, not the quality of the argument or what might strengthen or weaken the argument. So even if a boldface portion could be used by the argument in a certain way, all that matters is its actual intended role. The fact that technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed serves to partly explain why many companies charge the maximum possible price for such a product. In other words, the first boldface portion helps explain the popularity of the strategy presented in the second boldface portion. The conclusion of the argument, however, is that the strategy exemplified in this latter boldface portion is unwise, so the argument as a whole opposes that strategy.
A Although the first boldface portion could be used as part of an argument that the strategy presented in the second boldface portion is counterproductive, that is not how it is used here. Rather, it immediately follows the word because and serves to explain the occurrence of what is described in the second boldface portion.
B This is clearly wrong because the second boldface portion presents the strategy that the argument opposes.
C Correct. It is the only choice that is consistent with the analysis of the reasoning presented above.
D The first boldface portion is not an assumption rejected by the argument; rather, it is affirmed in the argument.
E The argument does not expressly claim that the first boldface portion has been used to justify the strategy of setting the price as high as possible, although it implies that this is part of the justification that those adopting the strategy would give. More clearly, the second boldface portion does not describe the intended outcome of the strategy, but rather the means of bringing about that intended outcome (maximizing profits, by means of high prices).
The correct answer is C.
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