2. 外语
  3. Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

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问题     Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.
    "One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will some times perform two or three of them. "
    Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one.
    There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still (停滞不前). But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
According to the writer, Adam Smith’s mistake was in believing that division of labor______.
选项 A、was an efficient way of organizing work
B、was an important development in methods of production
C、certainly led to economic development
D、increased the production of existing goods
答案C
解析 本题问作者认为亚当·斯密在劳动分工问题上的错误认识是什么。通读全文，我们可以在文章的最后一段第三句这个带有转折词的句子“Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still．”中找到与问题答案相关的信息。此句话中的关键短语是took it for granted(认为……是理所当然的)，表现出作者的反对意见，所以本题的正确答案应是C“肯定会导致经济的发展是他在劳动分工问题上的错误认识”。
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