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  3. At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out int

At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out int

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问题     At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasingly bring us to the core of the economic life of states.
    During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.
    Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified if other countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60 % to stabilize the content of CO2 in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous lower medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.
    We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none.
What should all countries do to help solve the problem of global warming?
选项 A、They should replace all the harmful substances.
B、They should willingly undertake legal commitments about their energy uses.
C、They should hold another world conference on climate change.
D、They should provide advanced technology.
答案B
解析 本题是一道结论性问题。问为了解决全球变暖的问题，各国应该做什么。根据第二段和第三段相关信息可知，某些人口众多的中低收人大国还不愿就自己的能源消耗承担法律上的义务；我们必须找出解决问题的方式。这种承诺是需要通过承担共同的义务和达成共识来解决的。因此，我们可以推断出本题的正确答案应是B“各国应该乐意为自身的能源消耗承担法律上的义务”。
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