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  3. Aspiring college students will be able to apply for financial aid three months earlier than now and submit a previous year’s tax

Aspiring college students will be able to apply for financial aid three months earlier than now and submit a previous year’s tax

admin2022-05-20  94
问题     Aspiring college students will be able to apply for financial aid three months earlier than now and submit a previous year’s tax return, changes aimed at helping more people pay for school, the White House said Sunday.
    Under the current system, students planning to start school in the fall of 2017 must wait until January of that year to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. The new system will let them complete the form as early as October 2016, the month that marks the traditional start to the college application season.
    The government uses that form to determine eligibility for Pell Grants and federally backed student loans. The White House said requiring applicants to wait until January slows down the aid process and makes it harder for prospective students to determine whether they can afford to go to college.
    Some 2 million college students are eligible for federal Pell Grants but miss out because they never apply, said James Kvaal, the deputy director of the White House’s Domestic Policy Council. "If we are not even reaching students who are currently enrolled in college, we wonder how many more students would be in college if they knew this aid was available, " Kvaal said in an interview.
    President Barack Obama planned to announce the revisions during a meeting Monday with high school students in Des Moines, Iowa. Trying to make college more affordable, Obama has capped some student loan payments and signed legislation lowering certain interest rates.
    To assess a student’s financial background, the federal aid system crunches the numbers from a family’s tax returns, which can be electronically downloaded from the IBS for students who apply online. In advancing the start date to October, the Obama administration will allow students to use earlier tax information so they do not have to wait until the following year’s returns are filed. For example, a student applying for aid for the 2017-2018 academic year currently must use their 2016 tax return.  The new system will let them use their 2015 return.
    Using older tax information could cause significant changes for some students, such as those who take a "gap year" to work after high school but whose ability to pay for college would still be based on their senior year. Kvaal said the administration will ask colleges to use their freedom with Pell Grants to take students’ unique circumstances into account when necessary.
    "We anticipate there may be a little more work for colleges to do to adjust financial aid packages," Kvaal said. "But overall, we believe that the earlier tax data is a sound basis for awarding federal student aid. "
It can be inferred from Paragraph 7 that using earlier tax information might_________.
选项 A、give colleges more freedom in deciding who has the eligibility for financial aid
B、lead to inaccurate assessment of a student’s financial background
C、be unfair for those students who have a "gap year"
D、make colleges face a dilemma in awarding financial aid
答案B
解析 推断题。本题明确定位于第七段。该段第一句指出，使用更早期的纳税信息(Using older tax information)可能会给一些学生带来重大的改变，比如那些在高中毕业后有过一年“间隔年”工作经历的学生(those who take a “gap year” to work)，他们负担大学学费的能力(ability to pay for college)仍旧会以他们高三那一年的纳税情况为判断依据(based on their senior year)。按照常识推断，有过一年“间隔年”工作经历的学生其负担大学学费的能力应该会有所提高，而以其高三那一年的纳税情况为判断依据很可能会因为没有考虑其在“间隔年”的工作经历而对其财政状况作出不准确的评估，故答案为B项。由第七段第二句可知，大学在佩尔助学金的支配方面享有自由(colleges to use their freedom with Pell Grants)，但这并不是使用更早期的纳税信息评估财政状况会带来的影响，A项属于“张冠李戴”；由之前的分析可知，使用更早期的纳税信息评估财政状况对于有过“间隔年”工作经历的学生来说可能会更“有利”，而不是“不公平”，C项属于“正反混淆”；第七段第二句只是说当局要求大学在必要时将学生的有过“间隔年”工作经历等特殊情况考虑在内，不能由此就推断大学可能会陷入两难境地，D项属于“过度推断”。
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