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  3. In Forces of Production , David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from relian

In Forces of Production , David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from relian

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问题     In Forces of Production , David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from reliance on skilled arti- sans to automation. Noble writes from a Marxist perspective, and his central argument is that management, in its decisions to automate, conspired against labor: the power that the skilled machin- ists wielded in the industry was intolerable to management. Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of " de-skilling "—the use of technology to replace skilled laboi— to the automation of the machine-tool industry. In automating, the industry moved to computer-based, digitalized " numerical-control" (N/C) technolo- gy, rather than to artisan-generated "record-playback"(R/P)technology.
    Although both systems reduced reliance on skilled labor, Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowl- edgment of workers’ skills: unlike N/ C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists, who recorded their own movements to "teach" machines to duplicate those movements. However, Noble’ s only evidence of conspiracy is
that, although the two approaches were roughly equal in technical merit, management chose N/C. From this he con- cludes that automation is undertaken not because efficiency demands it or scientific advances allow it, but because it is a tool in the ceaseless war of capitalists against labor.
Which of the following phrases most clearly reveals the attitude of the author of the passage toward Noble’ s central argument?
选项 A、conspired against(line 8)
B、intolerable to management (lines 10-11)
C、 impressive when he applies the Marxist concept(lines 13- 14)
D、clearly prefers(lines 23-24)
E、only evidence of conspiracy(line 31)
答案E
解析 哪一个说法显示了作者对Noble的态度?先推论：作者对Noble的态度，应该是负面为主。∴E正确。“阴谋的惟一证据”，这一“惟一”证据在作者叙述中有嘲讽式语调，符合我们对其基本态度的总结。A、B、D都是Noble的主张和态度。C．impressive确为作者所说，但不是主态度。
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