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  3. Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

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问题     Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be.
    Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】________of hunger on general health,【C2】________ children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】________only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】________ the short-term impact of hunger【C5】________a period of time.
    In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2 1/2-times more likely to have【C6】________overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】________food. "Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】________children’s life chances," says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI.
    The study supports earlier findings that【C9】________ episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick’s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】________other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income.
    【C11】________one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child’s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】________to do without food in 2008: 15％ of American families reported some【C13】________in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】________from 11％ the previous year.
    【C15】________this study did not probe into the【C16】________ mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】________that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that massing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】________of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】________and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】________to youngsters as well.
【C18】
选项 A、cause
B、stress
C、crisis
D、distress
答案B
解析 上句谈到饥饿对健康造成长期影响，有生理和心理因素。空格所在的前半句谈论的是生理因素，故此处为心理因素。B项stress“压力”与psychological搭配指“心理压力”，符合句子逻辑。A项cause“原因”，psychological cause“心理病因”，常指引起疾病的心理不健康的状态，本句针对食物不安全(food insecurity)，尚未构成疾病，故语境不对。C项crisis“危机”，psycho logical crisis“心理危机”，常指灾难事件所引起的心理反映，此处不合语境。D项distress“悲痛”，psychological distress“心理痛苦”，用以修饰因食品不安全而引起的心理状态，意义色彩过重。
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