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  3. Cars account for half the oil consumed in the US, about half the urban pollution and one-fourth the greenhouse gases. They take

Cars account for half the oil consumed in the US, about half the urban pollution and one-fourth the greenhouse gases. They take

admin2011-03-01  48
问题    Cars account for half the oil consumed in the US, about half the urban pollution and one-fourth the greenhouse gases. They take a similar oil of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the US and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing US contribution to global climatic change.
   Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of these -- in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity -- is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggests that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the US, mass transit ridership and carpooling have declined since World War Ⅱ. Even in western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than $1 a liter (about $ 4 a gallon) and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel.
   Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions (especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
选项 A、The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in western Europe.
B、Cars are popular in western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly high.
C、The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in densely populated western Europe.
D、Western European oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new type fuels.
答案B
解析 细节题。文章只在第二段最后一句提到了西欧，是以它为例，说明减少汽车使用量不可行的原因，故[C] 明显不对；它谈论的是油价，没有涉及到新型燃料，因此[D] 不对；[A] 的意思与这一句中的with easily accessible mass transit正好相反，也是错误的；只有[B] 与这一句的意思相同。
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