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  3. The staff got right to business and conferred all day. Victor Henry worked with the planners, on the level below the chiefs of s

The staff got right to business and conferred all day. Victor Henry worked with the planners, on the level below the chiefs of s

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问题     The staff got right to business and conferred all day. Victor Henry worked with the planners, on the level below the chiefs of staff and their deputies where Burne-Wilke operated, and of course far below the summit of the President, the Prime Minister, and their advisers. Familiar problems came up at once:excessive and contradictory requests from the British services, unreal plans, unfilled contracts, jumbled priorities, fouled communications. One cardinal point the planners hammered out fast. Building new ships to replace U-boat sinkings came first. No war material could be used against Hitler until it had crossed the ocean. This plain truth, so simple once agreed on, ran a red line across every request, every program, every projection. Steel, aluminum, rubber, valves, motors, machine tools, copper wire, all the thousand things of war, would go first to ships. This simple yardstick rapidly disclosed the poverty of the "arsenal of democracy", and dictated - as a matter of frightening urgency - a gigantic job of building new steel mills, and plants to turn the steel into combat machines and tools.
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答案参谋人员立即开始工作，全天开会讨论。维克多?亨利与制定计划的人员一起开会，伯恩?威尔克就参加这一层的工作。在他们上面是参谋总长和他们的副手。再上面是总统、首相及其顾问的最高级会议。一开始就碰到了熟悉的老问题：来自英国三军数量极大，互相矛盾的要求，不现实的计划，没有兑现的合同，乱七八糟的优先照顾的要求，混乱恶劣的通讯联络。计划人员很快就确定了重点，那就是首先要制造新船以补充德国潜艇击沉的船只。战争物资如不运到大洋彼岸，就无法片J来跟希特勒作战。一旦大家同意，这浅显的道理就决定r要勾掉所有其它的要求、方案、计划。钢、铝、橡胶、真空管、马达、机床、铜线，成千种战争需要的物资要首先用下造船。这个简单的(衡量标准)很快就暴露出“民主阵营兵工厂”的贫困并提出必须着手进行一项巨大的、迫在眉睫的工作：建造新的钢厂和将钢制成作战车辆和武器的工厂。
解析   全文一共有八句要求翻译。第一句话采用了“扩句”法，将一整句话拆成了三句，使译文显得结构简单、意思明了。第二句话根据原文上下文局部采用了“增译”。“一开始”的添加不但符合原文，而且使得上下文的衔接更自然。第三、四句话的翻译中采用了“缩句”法，将两句话合译成一整句，且第三句的翻译中采用了“语序调整法”。文章第五句也采用了“语序调整法”，将主从句的位置做了适当变动。第六、七句基本上采用了“顺译法”。文章最后一句话的翻译中局部采用了“转化词类”法，将名词转化成动词，dictated a gigantic job译成了“提出必须着手进行一项巨大的……”从而与原文更加贴切。
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