2. 外语
  3. No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used t

No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used t

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问题    No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in healthy status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care not that bad, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused by the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence.
   Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor countries, that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U.S. a national unemployment level of 10 percent may be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them.
   Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living. Excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of bad foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general at tempt to improve the quality of life for all. (373 words)
The author refers to the excessive intake of alcohol and tobacco and drug use in order ______
选项 A、show that some heath problems cannot be attacked by better medical care
B、demonstrate that use of tobacco and intoxicants is detrimental to health
C、cite examples of individual behavior that have adverse consequences for health status
D、illustrate ways in which affluence may contribute to poor health status
答案D
解析 根据文章最后一段第一句“。Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health， but, at least until recently，few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living．”可知， 至少到目前为止，极度富裕还不是导致健康状况差的一个明显因素，毕竟有财力为这种不健 康的生活方式付费的国家寥寥无几。接下来列举了这样的例子，因此说富裕很也可能是导致 健康状况差的因素。据此判断，答案是D。
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