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  3. It is clear that some people who participate in exercise training will develop injuries to their bones, muscles, and joints (关节)

It is clear that some people who participate in exercise training will develop injuries to their bones, muscles, and joints (关节)

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问题     It is clear that some people who participate in exercise training will develop injuries to their bones, muscles, and joints (关节). Despite unfounded reports in the mass media of extremely high injury rates among adult exercisers, there have been few good studies of exercise injuries in populations. One of the difficulties in performing such studies has been the need to identify both the number of cases and the number of people at risk for injury. In other words, it is difficult to know the number of individuals injured and the total number of individuals exercising in the population. But these two figures are necessary in order to calculate (统计) true injury rates Normally, injury is defined as an accident that causes a person to stop exercising for al least one week. The best available studies on injury rates show that about 25 to 30 percent of adult runners become "injured" (based on the above definition) over the course of a year. More serious injuries include those for which the injured person seeks medical care. If only they are considered, injury rates are much lower, perhaps in the range of 1 percent per year.
    Little is known about the causes of exercise injuries. One factor that has been linked to injury is the amount of exercise; for example, individuals who run more miles are likelier to be injured than those who run fewer miles. Factors such as age, sex, body type, and experience have not been shown to be associated with risk of injury. It seems logical that structural abnormalities, sudden increases in training intensity, and types of equipment used are likely to be related to injury risk. However, data to support these opinions are not available.
The passage is mainly about ______.
选项 A、the high injury rates for those doing exercises
B、the ways to avoid exercise injuries
C、the evidences for the seriousness of exercise injuries
D、the studies about injury rates and causes for injuries
答案D
解析 主旨大意题。本题询问的是本文主要讲述的是什么。文章第一段叙述了锻炼损伤的真正研究寥寥无几，进行研究的困难以及根据目前最可信的关于锻炼损伤的研究，受伤率为多少。概括说来，这一段主要讲的是对锻炼受伤率的研究。文章第二段叙述了可能导致锻炼损伤的因素。因此，选项D(对受伤率的研究及导致受伤的原因)符合文意，为正确答案。选项A(锻炼者的高受伤率)只是文章内容的一小部分。选项B(避免锻炼受伤的途径)及选项C(说明锻炼受伤严重性的证据)均只在文中提及，不属于文章的主要内容，故都可以排除。
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