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  3. The American economy is growing, according to the most recent statistics, at the high rate of 7% , and is in the middle of the l

The American economy is growing, according to the most recent statistics, at the high rate of 7% , and is in the middle of the l

admin2013-12-10  94
问题     The American economy is growing, according to the most recent statistics, at the high rate of 7% , and is in the middle of the largest peacetime expansion in American history. We read in the newspapers that practically everyone who wants a job can get one. Microsoft is running advertisements in the New York Times practically begging Congress to issue more visas for foreign computer and information technology workers.
    In this environment, it is shocking that one group of Americans, people with disabilities, have such a high level of unemployment: 30% are not employed—the same percentage as when the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. Not only did their employment and labor earnings fall during the recession of the early 1990s, but employment and earnings continued to fall during the long economic expansion that followed. Many of these people are skilled professionals who are highly marketable in today’s economy.     Part of the problem is discrimination, and part recent court rulings favoring employers in ADA lawsuits. Discrimination against people with disabilities is, unfortunately, alive and well, despite the legal prohibitions against discrimination in hiring people with disabilities. 79% of disabled people who are unemployed cite discrimination in the workplace and lack of transportation as major factors that prevent them from working; studies have also shown that people with disabilities who find jobs earn less than their co-workers, and are less likely to be promoted.
    Unfavorable court rulings have not been helpful, either. Research by law professor Ruth Colker of Ohio State University has shown that in the eight years after the ADA went into effect, employer-defendants prevailed in more than 93% of the cases decided by trial. Of the cases appealed, employers prevailed 84% of the time. Robert Burgdorf, Jr. , who helped draft the ADA, has written, " legal analysis has proceeded quite a way down the wrong road. " Disability activists and other legal scholars point out that Congress intended the ADA as a national mandate for the ending of discrimination against people with disabilities. Instead, what has occurred, in the words of one writer, is that the courts "have narrowed the scope of the law, redefined ’disability’ , raised the price of access to justice and generally deemed disability discrimination as not worthy of serious remedy. "
    But perhaps the greatest single problem is the federal government itself, where laws and regulations designed to help disabled people actually provide an economic disincentive to work. As Sen. Edward Kennedy wrote, "the high unemployment rate among people receiving federal disability benefits is not because their federal benefits programs have ’ front doors that are too big’ , but because they have ’ back doors that are too small’. "
The last sentence "but because they have ’ back doors that are too small’ " probably means that______.
选项 A、the government does not have a big back gate in its offices
B、the disabled often grow too dependent on the benefits to work
C、the disabled are trying to get their benefit through back doors
D、the government is trying to stop the disabled from working
答案B
解析 根据题干信号词but because they have‘back doors that are too small’以及出处提示last sentence可回文定位到尾段尾句，但鉴于句子推断题的解题思路是跳出句子本身，从其上文或下文中寻找线索作分析推断，所以考生可将上一句(尾段首句)锁定为本题目“题眼”：But perhaps the greatest single problem is the federal government itself，where laws and regulations designed to help disabled people actually provide an economic disincentive to work(或许最大的一个问题是联邦政府自身，它所制定的旨在帮助残疾人的法律法规实际上成了阻碍他们工作的一个经济因素)。对本句作细致分析后不难发现：“旨在帮助残疾人的法律法规”指的应是“政府救济措施”，而“实际成了阻碍残疾人工作的经济因素”则指“政府救济措施”适得其反，让残疾人在经济方面(economic)失去了工作(work)的动机(disincentive)，因此B项(残疾人对于救济金过于依赖，不愿工作)是正确答案。
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