2. 外语
  3. Douglas Adams, the late lamented author of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, dreamed up many comic creations. One of his gre

Douglas Adams, the late lamented author of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, dreamed up many comic creations. One of his gre

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问题     Douglas Adams, the late lamented author of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, dreamed up many comic creations. One of his greatest was the Babel fish. This interstellar ichthyoid neatly disposed of a problem all science-fiction authors have: how to let alien species talk to one another. It did so by acting as a mind-reader that translated thoughts between different races and cultures. Universal communication did not, unfortunately, lead to universal harmony. As Adams put it, "The poor Babel fish has caused more and bloodier wars than anything else in the history of creation."
    For the moment, mind-reading is still science fiction. But that may not be true for much longer. Several lines of inquiry are converging on the idea that the neurological activity of the brain can be decoded directly, and people’s thoughts revealed without being spoken.
    Just imagine the potential benefits. Such a development would allow both the fit and the disabled to operate machines merely by choosing what they want those machines to do. It would permit the profoundly handicapped — those paralysed by conditions such as motor-neuron disease and cerebral palsy — to communicate more easily than is now possible even with the text-based speech engines used by the likes of Stephen Hawking. It might unlock the mental prisons of people apparently in comas, who nevertheless show some signs of neural activity. For the able-bodied, it could allow workers to dictate documents silently to computers simply by thinking about what they want to say. The most profound implication, however, is that it would abolish the ability to lie.
    Who could object to that? You shall not bear false witness. Tell the truth, and shame the Devil. Transparency, management-speak for honesty, is put forward as the answer to most of today’s ills. But the truth of the matter — honestly — is that this would lead to disaster, for lying is at the heart of civilisation.
    People are not the only creatures who lie. Species from squids to chimpanzees have been caught doing it from time to time. But only Homo sapiens has turned lying into an art. Call it diplomacy, public relations or simple good manners: lying is one of the things that makes the world go round.
    The occasional untruth makes domestic life possible ("Of course your bum doesn’t look big in that."), is essential in the office ("Don’t worry, everybody’s behind you on this one."), and forms a crucial part of parenting ("It didn’t matter that you forgot your words and your costume fell off. You were wonderful."). Politics might be more entertaining without lies — "The prime minister has my full support" would be translated as, "If that half-wit persists in this insane course we’ll all be out on our ears" — but a party system would be hard to sustain without the semblance of loyalty that dishonesty permits.
    The truly scary prospect, however, is the effect mind-reading would have on relations between the state and the individual. In a world in which the authorities could divine people’s thoughts, speaking truth to power would no longer be brave: it would be unavoidable.
    Information technology already means that physical privacy has become a scarce commodity. Websites track your interests and purchases. Mobile phones give away your location. Video cameras record what you are up to. Lose mental privacy as well, and there really will be nowhere to hide.
Information technology is mentioned in the last paragraph to
选项 A、demonstrate how developed it has become.
B、show how it breaks into our mental privacy.
C、explain how it facilitates mind-reading.
D、illustrate how it makes us long for some privacy.
答案D
解析 推理判断题。文章最后一段指出信息技术使人们的身体无处可藏，最后一句Lose mentalprivacy…虽然没有直接指出mind-reading，其实在说明如果再实现了读心技术，人们的精神思想也将毫无隐私可言。简单推论，正因为有了无所不在侵犯隐私的信息技术，我们才渴望留有精神的隐私，所以[D]是答案。本段列举了几个先进的信息技术，并不是为了说明其有多么先进，而是为了说明它们侵犯隐私带给人们困扰，排除[A]。侵犯人们精神隐私的不是信息技术，应该是mind-reading，排除[B]。文章也没有提到信息技术可以促进读心技术的实现，排除[C]。
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