首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of
admin
2012-05-18
73
问题
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of human thought and behavior in the early part of this century. Under the force of this view, it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth (because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action, it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action) to the status of being wholly condemned. If people are regarded only as machines guided by logic as they were be these "scientistic"thinkers, rhetoric is likely to be held in low regard: for the most obvious truth about rhetoric is that it speaks to the whole person. It presents its arguments first to the person as a rational being, because persuasive discourse, if honestly conceived, always has a basis in reasoning. Logical argument is the plot, as it were, of any speech or essay that is respectfully intended to persuade people. Yet it is a characterizing feature of rhetoric that it goes beyond this and appeals to the parts of our nature that are involved in feeling, desiring, acting, and suffering. It recalls relevant instances of the emotional reactions of people to. circumstances real or fictional—that are similar to our own circumstances. Such is the purpose of both historical accounts and fables in persuasive discourse: they indicate literally or symbolically how people may react emotionally, with hope or fear, to particular circumstances. A speech attempting to persuade people can achieve little unless it takes into account the aspect of their being related to such hopes and fears.
Rhetoric, then, is addressed to human beings living at particular times and in particular places. From the point of view of rhetoric, we are not merely logical thinking machines, creatures abstracted from time and space. The study of rhetoric should therefore be considered the most humanistic of the humanities, since rhetoric is not directed only to our rational selves. It takes into account what the "scientistic"view leaves out. If it is a weakness to harbor feelings, then rhetoric may be thought of as dealing in weakness. But those who reject the idea of rhetoric because they believe it deals in lies and who at the same time hope to move people to action, must either be liars themselves or be very naive; pure logic has never been a motivating force unless it has been subordinated to human purposes, feelings, and desires, and thereby ceased to be pure logic.
The passage suggests that to consider people as "thinking machines" (line 2, para. 2) is to consider them as______.
选项
A、beings separated from a historical context
B、replaceable parts of a larger social machine
C、more complex than other animals
D、liars rather than honest people
答案
A
解析
推断题,原文第二段第一句指出,修辞学是跟生活在特殊时间和特殊地点中(at particular times and inparticular places)的人(human beings)对话(is addressed to)。从修辞学的观点看,我们不仅仅是逻辑思维的机器(logical thinking machines),不仅仅是超脱时空的生物(creatures abstracted from time and space)。由此可以推论原文暗示,把人们看成逻辑思维的机器就是把人们看成脱离历史背景的人(beings separated from a historicalcontext).
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/gjiO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Somepeopleliketolearnforeignlanguagebylisteninglessons,writinghomeworkandreadingbooks,othersliketolearnbytak
FewpeoplewoulddefendtheVictorianattitudeofchildren,butifyouwereaparentinthosedays,【M1】______atleastyouknow
Whichofthefollowingwordscontainsoneboundmorpheme?
Asimplifiedlanguagederivedfromtwoormorelanguagesiscalledapidgin.Itisacontactlanguagedevelopedandusedbypeop
WhyPeopleWorkWemayfullyrealizetheroleofworkinprovidingusthe【1】______thingsoflife.【1】______Bu
EuropeanwomenwereingreatdemandinNewZealandinthoseearlytimes.Thatis,womenpreparedtomarrythemanysinglemenwh
EuropeanwomenwereingreatdemandinNewZealandinthoseearlytimes.Thatis,womenpreparedtomarrythemanysinglemenwh
Anine-year-oldschoolgirlsingle-handedlycooksupascience-fairexperimentthatendsupdebunkingawidelypracticedmedical
There’sadirtylittlesecretinmanyAmericanhomes—couplesfightaboutthehousework,It’saNo.1issuemyhusbandandIargu
There’sadirtylittlesecretinmanyAmericanhomes—couplesfightaboutthehousework,It’saNo.1issuemyhusbandandIargu
随机试题
团队建立和工作的心理机制,首先是使成员()
确诊寄生虫病最可靠的方法是()
釉质发育不全是指牙齿在发育过程中由多种因素引起的,除外
传染病的基本特征不包括()
电子出版物是指以数字代码方式将图文声像等信息编辑加工后存储在磁、光、电介质上,通过计算机或者具有类似功能的设备读取使用,用以表达思想、普及知识和积累文化,并复制发行的大众传播媒体。以下属于电子出版物的是:
在流量、速度、压力、功率等量的单位的复现时,通常采用___________得到。
某机电安装公司承建一高校新址教学主楼的机电安装工程,依据设计图纸、合同和有关文件等,经过计算汇总得到其直接工程费为600万元。零星工程费占直接工程费的6.5%,环境保护费费率2%,安全施工费费率4%,规费费率为9%,企业管理费费率为52%,利润率为直接费加
以下所列,应办理报检员证注销手续的有:
已知向量α=(1,k,1)T是矩阵的逆矩阵A-1的特征向量,试求常数志的值及与α对应的特征值。
DUBIOUS:
最新回复
(
0
)