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  3. A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

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问题     A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger,  The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
    Robert Foss, a scientist at the Highway Safety Research Center of University of North Carolina, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving experience. "The basic issue" he says, "is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is."
    Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
    Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice(新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that ______.
选项 A、driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B、they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C、they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
D、the licensing system should be improved
答案D
解析 推理题。文中第四段“Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems，in which getting a license is a multistage process”，该句意为：他和这项研究的作者都认为解决此问题的办法在于建立渐进式发证系统，获得驾驶执照须经多个阶段。即要降低事故发生率，应当建立完善发证系统。注意句中“have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems”部分的结构为have sb.do sth．，意为“使某人做某事”；states意为“州”； institute在此作动词，意为“确立，制定”。
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