首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch
Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch
admin
2015-12-01
87
问题
Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets.
How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything. He was just wondering. His mind was ready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you don’t have unpredictable things, you don’t have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writing their cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it.
In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the "scientific method" — a substitute for imaginative thought. I’ve attended research conferences where a scientist has been asked what he thinks about the advisability of continuing a certain experiment. The scientist has frowned, looked at the graphs, and said "the data are still inconclusive." "We know that," the men from the budget office have said, "but what do you think? Is it worthwhile going on? What do you think we might expect?" The scientist has been shocked at having even been asked to speculate.
What this amounts to, of course, is that the scientist has become the victim of his own writings. He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd balls" among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who "work well with the team".
It seems that some young scientists______.
选项
A、have a keen interest in prediction
B、often speculate on the future
C、think highly of creative thinking
D、stick to "scientific method"
答案
D
解析
本题可参照文章的第3段。从中可知,在与一些科学家,尤其是年轻科学家交谈时,你可能会形成这样一种印象——科学家觉得,“科学方法”是想象思维的替代品;在一次研讨会上,有人问一位科学家继续某项实验是否明智;这位科学家皱了皱眉头,看了看图表,然后说,“数据还不是太充分”;对于有人竟然要求他做推测这种事情,该科学家感到震惊。据此可知,年轻科学家认为,“科学方法”可以代替想象思维。D项与文意相符,因此D项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/gEGO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Itisacommonthemeinmanysciencefictionstoriesthattheworldmayonedaybe______byinsects.
Intoday’smedicalfield,littleagreementexistsonthe______fordefiningmentalillness.
Aswehaveseeninearlierchapters,theAmericandefinitionofsuccessislargelyoneofacquiringwealthandahighermaterial
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomiststhatthelawsofsocietymakeitnecessarytohave
Everylivingthinghasaninnerbiologicalclockthatcontrolsbehavior.Theclockworksallthetimeevenwhentherearenoout
WhenIwasakid,Ineverknewwhatmyparents-oranyoneelse’s-didforaliving.AsfarasIcouldtell,allgrownupshadmyste
Thereareseveralthingsworthnotingaboutcognitiveneurosciencethatarealsoreflectedinthearticlesinthisspecialissue
Goodwritersareoftenalso______readerswhoenjoyequallyfictionandnonfiction,proseandpoetry,philosophyandscience.
Theadvancementofscienceandtechnologyhasdemonstratedthatafactappearingtocontradicttocertaintheorymayactuallybe
Thoughsometimes______,alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesf
随机试题
呼吸困难伴昏迷常见于的疾病不包括
A.软瘫B.低血压C.满月脸D.黏液性水肿E.突眼下列疾病时可伴有的特征性的临床表现是:女性,30岁。因产后大出血后闭经1年。半年来头晕、乏力,眼前发黑,伴轻度恶心、欲吐来诊。体检:见面部呈黏液性水肿,
突水部位发潮、滴水且滴水现象逐渐增大,仔细观察发现水中含有少量细砂属于地下矿山突水预兆中的()。
信令机制是通信网上任意两个通信实体之间为实现某一通信任务,进行()信息交换的机制。
2009年,农民李三家庭经营情况如下:家庭5口人,其中父亲60岁,母亲58岁,都能顶劳动力经常参加劳动;李三夫妇身体健康;儿子18岁,在县读高中。当年李三累计外出打工2个月,收入6000元。家庭收入情况为:种植粮食在市场出售收入9000元,购买国库券获得利
我国某居民欲交纳某国际组织会费,其购汇的最高限额为等值3000美元。()
以下有关实质性程序的结论与控制测试的结论的说法中,正确的是()。
1927年,蒋介石设立“内政部警政司”,把各省、市、县的警察机关改为“警察局”。()
男人______地把那些不易采得的野花,一枝枝分赠给同行的旅伴。那一枝枝绚丽烂漫的野花中,或含苞欲放,或恰到好处,有的枝上缀满成串一粒粒小豆豆似的粉色花蕾,有的枝条上一朵朵开怀______、正值盛期……填入横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
针对某种溃疡最常用的一种疗法可在6个月内将44%的患者的溃疡完全治愈。针对这种溃疡的一种新疗法在6个月的试验中,使接受治疗的80%的溃疡患者取得了明显改善,61%的溃疡患者痊愈。由于该试验只治疗了那些病情比较严重的溃疡患者,因此这种新疗法显然在疗效方面比最
最新回复
(
0
)