2. 外语
  3. To prevent some conflicts of interest, Congress could prohibit high-level government officials from accepting positions as lobby

To prevent some conflicts of interest, Congress could prohibit high-level government officials from accepting positions as lobby

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问题 To prevent some conflicts of interest, Congress could prohibit high-level government officials from accepting positions as lobbyists for three years after such officials leave government service. One such official concluded, however, that such a prohibition would be unfortunate because it would prevent high-level government officials from earning a livelihood for three years. The official’s conclusion logically depends on which of the following assumptions?
选项 A、Laws should not restrict the behavior of former government officials.
B、Lobbyists are typically people who have previously been high-level government officials.
C、Low-level government officials do not often become lobbyists when they leave government service.
D、High-level government officials who leave government service are capable of earning a livelihood only as lobbyists.
E、High-level government officials who leave government service are currently permitted to act as lobbyists for only three years.
答案D
解析 段落推理为：该官员争辩说禁止政府高层官员在三年内接受院外游说集团提供的职位将阻止这些官员们在这段时期内谋生。这个推理暗自将这些官员通过院外游说之外的工作来谋生的可能性排除了。因此，表述出了这种暗含的假设的选项(D)是正确答案。该官员的争论不依赖于假设(A)、(B)、(C)或(E)；因为如果一些对政府官员行为的限制是令人向往的(A)，或如果院外游说集团成员主要不是前政府高层官员(B)，或如果前政府低层官员也经常成为院外游说集团成员(C)，或如果前政府高层官员可以不限制时间地为院外游说集团工作(E)，并不能使该论述不成立。
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