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  3. Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the

Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the

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问题     Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of last century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.
    In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.
    In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.
    In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry and construction work. Women were asking for equal work and equal opportunities for promotion.
    Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.
What’s the counterculture?______.
选项
答案Counterculture is a force which drives the men and women not to value the traditional middle-classAmerican goals
解析 根据题干中的counterculture(反主流文化)很容易把答案定位到文章的第2段。在20世纪50年代，典型美国人的生活目标就是获得经济和社会地位上的成功，然而，在50年代出现的一股新势力却改变了这种传统观念，作者还给我们列举了几个明显的例子，其中男人不再只是主外，也开始关注孩子的培养问题。所以答案为Counterculture is a force which drives the men and women not tovalue the traditional middle—class American goals。
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