首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below charac
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below charac
admin
2012-01-14
47
问题
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture
Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below characterizes the one-room plan, the two-room plan or the added lean-to plan. For each sentence, click in the correct box. This question is worth 2 points.
In New England today, around eighty houses that were built in the seventeenth century are still standing. Many of these houses—and the documents relating to them—have been thoroughly studied, and some of the houses have been carefully restored to their original condition. These early houses of New England are the greatest single source of knowledge about domestic architecture of the seventeenth century, particularly about details of plan and construction.
All seventeenth-century houses were not alike. There was some variety in their floor plans, with each house being shaped by the circumstances of the family and the characteristics of the site. Nevertheless, it’s possible to identify the three most common plan types, which were the one-room plan, the two- room plan, and the added lean-to plan. We can even figure out the order in which they probably evolved.
The one-room plan was the simplest and the earliest design. It was used in the early cottages at Plymouth and Salem, dating back to the 1620s, and it remained common in smaller and poorer dwellings throughout the century. In the one-room plan, the front door opened into a small entry room, which was then called the "porch." In the porch, there was a steep staircase built up against a massive chimney. The large main room was a combination living-dining-cooking room called the "hall." In this room, there was a huge fireplace set into the chimney mass. The staircase in the porch led to one large sleeping room upstairs.
The second house design was the two-room plan, which was simply the one-room plan with a parlor added at the other side of the chimney and porch. The result was a house with two fireplaces, one in the hall and one in the parlor, that were set back-to-back in the central chimney structure. In several earlier examples of this design, the parlor was actually built onto an older one-room house, enlarging the smaller house. But more common in later examples, both rooms were built at the same time when families could afford it. Upstairs, there were two sleeping rooms, called the "hall chamber" and the "parlor chamber," after the room below each.
The third design, the added lean-to plan, was the result of an addition at the back of the house, making this the largest of the three plans. The lean-to addition had roof rafters leaning against the second-story wall of the main house. The added space was used as a kitchen. The cooking was done in a fireplace added to the back of the central chimney structure. There were two more rooms built on either side of the kitchen. On the cold side of the kitchen, there was a pantry for food storage, and on the warm side, facing the sun on the south, there was a bedroom. Above the kitchen, under the lean-to roof, there was attic space for storage or more sleeping rooms, which you reached by a staircase leading up from the kitchen.
These three house plans form a logical evolutionary sequence. The one room plan was the earliest design. Then the two-room plan was most common up until around 1650. By the year 1700, the lean-to plan was dominant. However, it’s important to note that the one-room plan—although it came earliest—continued to be built throughout the seventeenth century. So, it’s best not to try to determine the age of a colonial house strictly by its plan type, which is not a perfect indicator of the house’s age.
According to the speaker, why are seventeenth-century houses significant to architectural historians?
选项
答案
Two-room plan: There were two stories, and each story had two rooms: ...the two-room plan, which was simply the one-room plan with a parlor added...; Upstairs, there were two sleeping rooms Added lean-to plan: Extra rooms were built onto the back of the house: ... the added lean-to plan, was the result of an addition at the back of the house... ; The added space was used as a kitchen; There were two more rooms built on either side of the kitchen. One-room plan: The house had one large space for cooking, dining, and living: The large main room was a combination living-dining-cooking room called the "hall." Added lean-to plan: A staircase led up from the kitchen to attic space for storage or sleeping: Above the kitchen, under the lean-to roof, there was attic space for storage or more sleeping rooms, which you reached by a staircase leading up from the kitchen. (2.5)
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/fCyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.The"Ext
Answerthequestionsbelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersi
Completethesummary.ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Instrumentssimilartotheguitarhavebee
Howdidthestudentgettheuniversityprospectus?HowmanystudentswenttoworkineitherSingaporeorBruneithisyear?
SECTION4Questions31-40Questions31-33Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationgivenbythetutor.Use
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.Thisisthemoste
WhatisthepurposeofJaneandRick’smeetingwiththetutor?
Completethesentencesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.EffectsofweatheronmoodTheyexpecttofindth
TheDinee,aNativeAmerican(people)ofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,were(once)seminomadichunterswho(practiced)a(few)
BotonySeedsTheprofessorexplainshowaseedbecomesayoungplant.Summarizetheprocessbyputtingtheeventsinorder.Dra
随机试题
A.羟苯乙酯B.聚山梨酯80C.苯扎溴铵D.硬脂酸钙E.卵磷脂属于阴离子表面活性剂的是
在下列选项中,()具有存款创造的功能。
房地产开发企业资质按照企业条件分为一、二、三、四等四个资质等级,其中四级资质注册资本应在()万元以上。
当城市用地以中心地区为核心,沿着多条由中心向外围放射的交通干线发展时,居住用地依托交通干线,在适宜的出行距离范围内,应采用的布置方式为()。
《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》规定,一般项目的质量采取计数检验时,除有专门要求外,一般项目的合格率应达到()及以上,且不得有严重缺陷。
理财规划师在为客户进行保险规划时,应该让客户知道保险在家庭理财中的功能,下列()是保险最根本的职能。
(2019年)甲公司从二级市场购入乙公司发行在外的普通股股票15万股,划分为以公允价值计量且其变动计入其他综合收益的金融资产,支付的价款为235万元(其中包括已宣告但尚未发放的现金股利1元/股),另支付相关交易税费5万元。则甲公司取得的该金融资产的入账价值
以下关于病毒的描述中,正确的说法是
Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwantwithnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn’tit?New"fakefat"products
A、It’sarelativelysmalltown.B、Thepeoplelivingthereareveryrich.C、Housesarescarcethere.D、It’sclosetoLondon.D
最新回复
(
0
)