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  3. Cheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are fmding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of

Cheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are fmding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of

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问题     Cheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are fmding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent—and are less likely to be punished—than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.
    Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today’s youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today’s youth are far more pragmatic than their more idealistic predecessors. While in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. "People are competitive," said a second year college student named Anna, from Chicago. "There’s an underlying fear. If you don’t do well, your life is going to be mined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.
    Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. "I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated." Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize information, students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who’s doing it," he said. "That’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system."
What does "the individual" (Line 8, Para.3) refer to?
选项 A、Parents who put pressure on the children.
B、Teachers who are too hesitant to take actions against cheating.
C、School administrators who approve of short answer tests.
D、Students who practice cheating.
答案D
解析 语义理解题。本文主要讨论学生作弊问题，因为从上下文得知…the individual who’s doing it...中的it 是指作弊，所以the individual就是指作弊的学生了。A说的是对学生施压的父母，文中没有提及；B选项中的是犹豫不决、不肯对作弊采取措施的教师，文中也没有讨论；C意为“赞同简短测试的学校管理者，”文章主要阐述作弊的现象及分析原因，与文章的主要内容不相符，因此，是错误的选项。
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