2. 外语
  3. 下面你将听到的是一段有关矿产开发的讲话。 中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达60多亿吨，位居世界前列。 中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策，

下面你将听到的是一段有关矿产开发的讲话。 中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达60多亿吨，位居世界前列。 中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策，

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问题 下面你将听到的是一段有关矿产开发的讲话。
    中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达60多亿吨，位居世界前列。
    中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策，形成了既适合中国国情又基本与国际接轨的矿产资源勘查、开发政策法律体系。中国政府积极履行入世承诺，主动调整了法律法规和行政职能，建立了一个多元、稳定的矿产资源贸易体系，保障了出口矿产品的市场和进口矿产品货源的稳定。
    经过科学探测，我们对我国矿产资源的分布有了更清楚的认识：中国煤炭和石油的特点是资源丰富但结构不理想。煤炭资源蕴藏量大，煤种齐全，但优质炼焦用煤和无烟煤储量不多；分布广泛，但储量丰度悬殊，东少西多，北丰南贫。中国石油资源储量大，是世界可采资源量大于150亿吨的10个国家之一，但是资源的探明程度低，陆上探明石油地质储量仅占全部资源的20％，近海海域的探明程度更低；分布比较集中，大于10万平方千米的14个盆地的石油资源量占全国的73％；油气资源埋藏深，地质条件复杂。
    中国矿产资源遍布于全国各地，但因所处大地构造带和成矿地质条件的不同，各地区矿产资源分布不均，其矿种、储量、质量差异较大，形成了东、中、西部各地域矿产资源的不同特征。西部地区矿产资源分布集中，比较优势突出，具备形成优势支柱产业的资源基础。全国已查明资源储量的157种矿产中，西部地区拥有138种。此外，西部地区的有色金属储量丰富，不少金属和非金属矿石也具有较高的品质等级。
    我们将本着建设一个资源节约型社会的精神，合理开发和利用我国的矿产资源，推动发展循环经济，以造福于全人类。
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答案 With rapid economic development, China needs a large number of mineral products and relevant energy and raw material products. The annual consumption of ores has exceeded 6 billion tons, making China one of the major consumers in the world. To achieve sustainable economic development, the Chinese government has formulated a series of laws, regulations and policies regarding the exploration and development of mineral resources, forming a set of policies and regulations suited to China’s national conditions and the international practice. The Chinese government has taken the initiative to comply with its commitments to the World Trade Organization by adjusting its laws and regulations and administrative functions. A diversified, stable mineral resource trading system has been established, ensuring the stability of export markets and import sources for mineral products. The scientific surveying of the country’s mineral resources made us better informed of their distribution: China’s coal and oil resources are abundant in reserves, but unbalanced in composition. China’s coal resources are huge in reserves and complete in variety, with small reserves of high-quality coking coal and anthracite coal; they are widely distributed with a great disparity in abundance for different reserve locations, with the western and northern regions rich and eastern and southern regions poor in coal reserves. Oil resources are huge, which makes China one of the world’s 10 countries with more than 15 billion tons of exploitable petroleum reserves. The proven rate is low, with verified onshore reserves accounting for only 20% of the total, and the proven rate for offshore reserves being even lower. Distribution is concentrated, with 73 percent of the total petroleum resources in China localized in 14 basins covering a total area of 100,000 square kilometers. Petroleum and natural gas resources are deeply buried and their geological conditions are complex. China’s mineral resources are widely distributed throughout the country. However, distribution varies from region to region due to the differences in geotectonic zones and minerogenic conditions, and vast differences are seen in mineral types, amounts of reserves and the quality of minerals. Thus, mineral resources distributed in eastern, central and western regions have different characteristics. The concentration of mineral resources in the western region of China highlights a strong comparative advantage, featuring a strong resource foundation for the development of some superior pillar industries. Among the 157 kinds of mineral resources with proven reserves throughout the country, 138 can be found in the western region. The region is not only rich in nonferrous metal resources, but also noted for its high grades of metallic and nonmetallic ores. In the spirit of building a resources-conserving society, we will continue to rationally exploit and use mineral resources and promote the development of a circular economy for the benefit of humanity.
解析     本文是一段有关中国矿产开发的讲话。文中详细介绍了中国能源和原材料开发的情况，各种矿产资源和能源的蕴藏量、分布情况、探明度、开采难度等，并提出了建设资源节约型社会和发展循环经济的方针，引导矿产能源的合理开发和利用。
    本文要求应试者掌握一定的能源开发和采矿业的常识，熟悉一定的专门词汇和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在听的短时间内，对汉语特色的流水句做出相应的分析，适当地将其切分为多个独立的英文句子。翻译时把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换。对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。
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