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  3. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong

If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong

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问题     If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows this, and nobody would think of questioning this fact. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When some one says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by exercising it regularly, either consciously or unconsciously. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough practice. The position is exactly the same as that of two people, one of whom exercises his arms and legs by playing tennis, while the other sits in a chair or a car all day.
    If a friend complains that his arms are weak, we know that it is his own fault. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, or that he is just unlucky, and few of us realize that it is just as much his own fault as it was his arms or legs that were weak. Not all of us can become extremely strong or extremely clever; but all of us can, if we have ordinary bodies and brains, improve our strength and our memory by the same means — practice.
    Have you ever noticed that people who cannot read or write usually have better memories than those who can? Why is this? Of course, because those who cannot read or write have to remember things: they cannot write them down in a notebook. They have to remember dates, times, prices, names, songs and stories, so their memory is always being exercised.
    So if you want a good memory, learn from the poor and humble: practise remembering.
In the author’s opinion, a poor memory may result from______.
选项 A、unlucky fortune
B、weak arms and legs
C、insufficient education
D、lack of remembering practice
答案D
解析 本题为推断题。选项A说记忆力差是运气不好引起的，这一点与文章第二段中“…or that he is just unlucky,”一致，但不是作者的观点，而是许多其他人的认识。选项B说是四肢无力引起的，这一点文章中根本没有提及，也就说不上是作者的观点了。选项C说是教育不够引起的．从文章第三段作者的举例可以看出记忆力与教育无关。选项D中所说的缺乏记忆训练与作者举例相关，同时文章最后一句话： “So if you want a good memory, learn from the poor and humble：practise remembering．”既是作者给我们的忠告，也是作者就记忆力好与差所要表达的结论性意见，因此选项D才是正确答案。
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