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  3. People who grew up in America and Western Europe have become used to the idea that the West dominates the world economy. In fact

People who grew up in America and Western Europe have become used to the idea that the West dominates the world economy. In fact

admin2023-02-17  51
问题     People who grew up in America and Western Europe have become used
to the idea that the West dominates the world economy. In fact, it is normal【M1】____________
that a group of 30-odd countries with a small fraction of the world’s
population should be calling the shots. For most of human history,
economic power has been determined in demography.  In 1700, the world’s【M2】____________
biggest economy (and leading cotton producer) was India, of a population【M3】____________
of 165m, followed by China, with 138m.  Britain’s 8. 6m people produced
less than 3% of the world’s input. Even in 1820, as the industrial  【M4】____________
revolution in Britain was gathering pace, the two Asian giants still counted【M5】____________
for half the world’s GDP.
    The spread of purpose-built manufactories like Quarry Bank Mill separated
economic power and population, increasingly so as the West got richer. Be【M6】____________
able to make a lot of more stuff with fewer workers meant that even a small【M7】____________
country could be a giant economic power.  By 1870, the average income in
Britain was six times larger than India.  But by the eve of the first world【M8】____________
war, Britain’s income per head had been overtaken by it of America, the【M9】____________
20th century’s great power.
    America remains the world’s biggest economy,  but that status is in【M10】___________
threat from a resurgent China.  With hindsight, its change in fortune can be traced to 1976.
【M9】
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