首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
admin
2013-09-07
49
问题
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions
[A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a New Year’s resolution this year. Their top vows: to lose weight, quit smoking and exercise more. But consider this: if hard-core addicts can break bad habits—some by moderating, not just quitting—there’s still hope for you. Whether your goal for this year is to get fit or tame your drinking, experts say there’s a lot you can learn from people who have successfully moderated their habits to help keep you off the resolution merry-go-round.
1. Don’t Kid Yourself
[B] "The most important thing is to be honest with yourself," says Howard Josepher, the president of Exponents Inc., an organization that provides support and educational services to people with substance-misuse issues. "You need to know the difference between enjoying yourself and self-medicating. It’s not that self-medicating is necessarily bad—but you should give yourself parameters. If you are adhering to them, OK. If not, you need to check yourself."
[C] Successful moderators decide in advance how much is too much—and stick to their limit, no matter what. Have a cookie a day if that’s what you’ve deemed acceptable. But if you cheat by having "just one more," know that you are only cheating yourself and worsening the problem, experts say. The point is to learn how to hold yourself accountable.
[D] For those who are concerned in particular about drinking, a free, research-based online tool called Drinker’s Checkup can help you determine whether you are drinking at unhealthy levels, and what to do if you are.
2. Quit Cold Turkey—Temporarily
[E] "Theoretically, there are very good reasons to take a break from a behavior, totally," says Reid Hester, director of research at Behavior Therapy Associates, explaining that an initial period of complete abstinence(节制)can make it easier for people to moderate behavior by eliminating the habitual, automatic aspect of the unwanted activity.
[F] Take a cue from the self-help group Moderation Management(MM), which advises problem drinkers to abstain completely for a month before attempting moderate drinking. If you can’t achieve a month of abstinence, the thinking goes, successful moderation is unlikely.
[G] The best way to stay on course is frequent self-monitoring; use as many behavior-modification tools, support groups and programs as you can. In October, Hester and colleagues published a randomized controlled trial in the Journal, of Substance Abuse Treatment comparing heavy drinkers who used MM’s website to help them quit with those who used the MM site plus another online tool that teaches behavior-control tactics and helps chart drinking. While both groups significantly reduced their drinking and alcohol-related problems, the group that used the additional tool had more days abstinent and drank less when they drank.
3. Do What the Buddhist Would Do
[H] Alan Marlatt, director of the Addictive Behaviors Research Center at the University of Washington, studies "mindfulness-based relapse(重新染上)prevention," which uses meditation(冥想)and other ideas from Buddhist teachings to help people break bad habits.
[I] "Between stimulus and response, there’s a space, and in that space is our power to choose our response, and in our response lies our growth and freedom," says Marlatt, quoting author and Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl. Marlatt says, "Mindfulness gets you into that space."
[J] Being mindful may involve traditional meditation, in which you sit quietly and observe your thoughts and breathing without judgment. But here, it is also used to focus awareness on thoughts and feelings that lead to unwanted behavior. Simply recognizing the triggers to relapse can help you choose not to give into them. "When there’s a fork in the road, strong desire is pulling you one way. Well, what’s the other way? You have to look down the other road and see where it takes you. Then you have a choice, instead of being on autopilot," says Marlatt.
[K] One tactic he recommends for resisting those desires is called "urge-surfing." It involves being mindful of the fact that desire is like a wave—it rises to a peak, then falls. This happens whether you yield to the urge or not, though most people mistakenly think their desire will escalate endlessly unless they give in. In fact, yielding to desire only reinforces them—resisting, in contrast, reinforces resistance. Marlatt advises watching your urge, noting its peak and "surfing" it, rather than allowing it to wipe you out.
[L] Another trick is to recognize that willpower is like a muscle—it gets stronger with appropriate use but ultimately weakens if overloaded. That’s why Hester recommends setting short-term goals that are "moderately difficult, realistic, concrete and measurable." As with weight-lifting, starting at a level that is challenging but not overwhelming can provide a sense of achievement and success—which can give you the drive to take on bigger challenges.
4. Don’t Try to Scare Yourself Straight
[M] Research shows that in the long term, the pleasure of victory is a better incentive than the agony of defeat. "Punishment is a poor motivator," says Hester. "It sets people up for failure. If all you do is punishing yourself for failure, you won’t stay motivated to change for very long."
[N] Instead, reward yourself for sticking to your limits and focus on the benefits of changing. For instance, if your goal is to drink less or lose weight, treat yourself to something you want—a new book or DVD, say—each time you successfully resist a tempting dessert or achieve a goal, like a month of abstinence. Success tends to give birth to greater success. If you do slip back into old patterns, avoid blame. "Don’t say, ’I can’t do it,’ " says Marlatt. "People make mistakes. If you keep working at it, you will get better over time. That’s what the research shows."
[N] For some people, trying to moderate bad habits is not achievable or takes more effort than abstaining altogether-as the philosopher St. Augustine put it, "Complete abstinence is easier than perfect moderation." Recognizing this by trying and failing can also be a critical step toward behavior change.
5. Get Better Friends
[O] Consciously and unconsciously, people tend to imitate those around them. That’s why the latest research shows that things like happiness, smoking quitting and obesity can spread like an infectious disease through social networks. So surround yourself with friends who can also be role models. "Make sure that people you hang out with are people who look and act the way you would like to. Social imitation is the easiest form not only of flattery but of self-improvement," says Stanton Peele, author of Seven Tools to Beat Addiction.
[P] Social support is critical to changing all kinds of behavior. Good friends can not only help you through slip-ups but also help keep your New Year’s resolutions from taking over your life. Rather than obsessing about what you shouldn’t be doing, think about things you should, experts say. The distraction will help you curb bad habits. "Focus on your higher goals and positive activities, things that both sustain you and fill your life," says Peele. If you regularly engage in meaningful activities that give you pleasure—whether it’s visiting friends, picking up a hobby, taking a class or doing volunteer work—you’ll simply have less time to engage in the behavior that you want to reduce.
Research shows that in the long term, it is the pleasure of victory that motivates you to keep the resolution you have made.
选项
答案
M
解析
由in the long term和the pleasure of victory定位到M段第1句。该句说“研究说明,从长远看,胜利的喜悦比失败的痛苦更能激励人”。本题句子用强调句型讲述了相同的内容。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/bc97777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Painting,theexecutionofformsandshapesonasurfacebymeansofpigment,hasbeencontinuouslypracticedbyhumansforsome
Painting,theexecutionofformsandshapesonasurfacebymeansofpigment,hasbeencontinuouslypracticedbyhumansforsome
Womenarequiteoftencompetentdrivers,buttheyareveryseldomconsistentlyfirstclass.Atbesttheyareamildhazard,at【C
Womenarequiteoftencompetentdrivers,buttheyareveryseldomconsistentlyfirstclass.Atbesttheyareamildhazard,at【C
AscivilwarseruptedthroughouttheRomanRepublicinthe1stcenturyB.C.,countrydwellersmayhavefledtocities.Beforet
A、Thewomangetsaticket.B、Themanarreststhewoman.C、Thewomanistakentocourt.D、Thewomanranaway.A预览选项可知,本题可能考查对女士最终
A、Itscanalsmakeitsink.B、Thesealevelrisesup.C、Naturaldisastersoffloodkeepattackingthecountry.D、Thedrinkingwat
A、Itisverypopular.B、ItwillbelaunchedthisWednesday.C、It’snotsoldatthecampusbookstore.D、Itranasecondprintthr
A、Realisticandvaluable.B、Idealisticandawasteoftime.C、Idealisticbutvaluable.D、Idealisticbutworthless.C
A、Ajoblisting.B、Aresume.C、Apermissionslip.D、Theirsalaryrequirements.B由短文中提到的stopbyourofficeandbesuretobringa
随机试题
A.甲状腺癌B.甲状舌管囊肿C.单纯性甲状腺肿D.甲状腺腺瘤E.甲状腺功能亢进症男性,16岁,发现颈部单发性肿块3年。查体:甲状软骨部位有直径2cm大小的肿块,表面光滑,边界清楚,随伸舌、缩舌运动而上下移动,听诊血管杂音不明显,可能的诊断是
患者,男,52岁,患肝性脑病3个月,遵医嘱给予新霉素口服的目的是
甲在盗窃时被乙、丙等人当场抓获。公安机关讯问时,甲对盗窃行为供认不讳,并指认参与抓获他的乙曾强奸过妇女。对甲的盗窃案经一审判决后,检察院以量刑过轻为由提出了抗诉。在二审过程中,甲又供认曾有抢劫行为。二审法院调查后证实甲供认的抢劫属实,并构成抢劫罪。二审法院
如果一张硬盘载有几个保管期限不同的会计档案文件,应按()期限的文件保管。
青春期思维的主要特点包括()。
【2014.山东聊城】掌握了汉语拼音字母“a、b”,再学习读英语字母“a、b”时,将出现()。
砚铭,是刻在砚底、砚头、砚盖、砚身四侧或其他空余部分的一种可长可短,亦诗亦文,不拘一格的自由文体。古人大多把格言、诗句、警句作为砚铭,奉为自己的行为准则,并时时劝勉自己要躬身力行。就是今人,也时闻有如此雅兴。因此,它也是______。它不仅能增加砚台的艺术
把拖延症定义为懒是不科学的,它与心理上的_____________________有关。我们心中有目标、有任务,却倍感困惑,不知从何入手。这时,浏览微博、刷朋友圈、打游戏成为________________“阵痛”的最优选择。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是
[*]
科学技术生产力是第一生产力。振兴经济首先要振兴科技,只有坚定地推动科技进步,才能在激烈的竞争中取得主力。我国经济正面临着加速发展,调整结构,提高效益和重大任务,尤其需要全社会提高科技意识,多方面增加科技投入,真正依靠科技进步。
最新回复
(
0
)