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  3. A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

admin2010-09-10  52
问题     A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.
    If an economist was asked which of three groups borrow most, people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes -- he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947- 1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least.  This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.
    Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices, "In a few months," she said, "we’ 11 have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may arouse resentment (怨恨) and buyer’ s resistance may be aroused. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don’t pay these prices; they are tm high."
    The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive (有助于) to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, and they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.
It can be inferred from the passage that if one wants to predict the way consumers will spend their money, he should______.
选项 A、rely on traditional approaches
B、try to encourage or discourage consumers
C、carry out investigations
D、do researches in a laboratory first
答案C
解析 推断题。该题问如果要预测消费者如何消费，人们应该怎么办。答题依据在文章第一段和第四段。第一段说到“A scientist who... and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior．”(要对消费者如何花钱进行研究，科学家必须研究消费者的行为。)第四段开头说到“The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America．”(上面提到的调查——指第二段和第三段所阐述的内容——是在美国进行的。)综合第一和第四段的有关内容，我们可以知道，作者在第一段中提到的研究消费者行为(study consumer behavior)所采取的方式指的就是第四段中提到的“调查”(investigations)。根据以上分析，我们可以确定[C]为该题答案。
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