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  3. Punishment depends as much on politics as it does on crime; crime rates have been stable in recent years but there has been a st

Punishment depends as much on politics as it does on crime; crime rates have been stable in recent years but there has been a st

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问题     Punishment depends as much on politics as it does on crime; crime rates have been stable in recent years but there has been a striking increase in the prison population. And because populism is coming so much to dominate the political agendas, politicians are advocating sharp increase in penalties to take advantage of public unease. The question is how far this will get. In the 21th century weak governments might try to win legitimacy by being especially tough on crime. That could mean high prison populations and draconian(严峻的)punishments such as those adopted in the United States in recent years.
    Luckily, there remain significant differences between the UK and the USA; social divisions are less extreme and racial tensions are not as high. Although there is a great deal of minor violent crime here, rates of murder—which particularly fuel public anxieties—are much lower because guns have not been so widely dispersed. It’ s unlikely that this will change greatly; the trend to tighten up the gun laws in Britain will continue, and all but the toughest criminals will still have a view about what is and what isn’t "acceptable" violence.
    So I don’ t believe we will see a huge rise in violent crime, but I expect rates of property crime and crimes of opportunity to remain high. There will also be much more electronic fraud because it’ s so hard to detect and prevent. This is an important problem for business, but not one that arouses much popular agitation.
    It’ s unlikely we’ll see the return of death penalty; the police are skeptical about its effectiveness and its introduction would be highly problematic given the recent Council of Europe protocol outlawing its use. Capital punishment remains a pretty accurate temperature gauge, though: whenever there is significant political pressure for the death penalty, it’ s a sign of harsher attitudes towards crime generally.
    As prison populations continue to rise, we will certainly see alternatives to prison such as electronic tagging increase. But I don’ t generally envisage any sudden shift towards reduced sanction; net levels of punishment could well continue to increase somewhat. Overall, I expect to see some growth in the population of prisons, mainly independent ones—and a massive increase in private policing and other law enforcement.
It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that______.
选项 A、social divisions and racial tensions are not serious in the UK
B、minor violence in the UK does not arouse public anxieties
C、the gun control is crucial to lower rates of murder
D、people no longer differentiate what is and what isn’ t acceptable crime
答案C
解析 从第二段第二句“Although there is…so widely dispersed．”可知，英国之所以凶杀案少于美国，原因就在于枪支不是广泛分散到公民中的，所以枪支控制对降低谋杀率非常重要。因此，选项C正确。第二段第一句说，“幸运的是，英国和美国有很大的区别：英国的社会区分和种族紧张局势没有美国那么严重”。但这并不是说英国就不严重。故排除A项。选项B文中未涉及，故可排除。从第二段最后一句可看出，对于罪行严重的罪犯，仍会区分其罪行的可接受度，所以D项也不正确。
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