2. 外语
  3. For most of American history, businesses were run to provide livelihoods and "reasonable" profit. In the last few decades, thou

For most of American history, businesses were run to provide livelihoods and "reasonable" profit. In the last few decades, thou

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问题     For most of American history, businesses were run to provide
livelihoods and "reasonable" profit. In the last few decades,
though, business and society in the general have moved toward【M1】______
emphasizing profit maximization and individual self-interest. The
transfer from "reasonable profit" to profit maximization has【M2】______
significant implications for corporate behavior and government
regulation. However, how society views the purpose of the【M3】______
corporation has significant implications not only for business, but
also for the perceived responsibilities of its civilians, their【M4】______
interactions with each other, and their obligation to their fellow
countrymen.
    Today, it is uncommon for corporations to direct their【M5】______
attention to serving for shareholder and management interests, and【M6】______
to achieving the highest short-term financial return. Not only has
this view become commonplace in society and the economy, it has
permeated educational institutions and affected how young people
see the role of corporations.
    Lost in this orientation, though, is a sense of the corporation
as a creature of the state, created and gave special powers and【M7】______
privileges by the state. The historic balance between "we" versus
"me" has shifted dramatic toward a focus on self-interest at the【M8】______
expense of societal interest. The result has been a decline in broad
social and economic values in favor of viewing the corporation
solely a vehicle for personal financial enrichment. That view【M9】______
represents a significant shift from the historical—which the grant【M10】______
of corporate privilege was to advance public purposes such as
building roads, bridges, and canals.
【M2】
选项
答案transfer—shift
解析 词汇错误。transfer一般表示转送或移交、迁移，尤指交通运输中的换乘或职务的调动等。shift常指同一类属内的位置、方向的转变、改变，侧重位置与方向的改变。此处要表达的意思是“从‘合理’利润到利益最大化的转变”。故应该用shift，符合上下文语境。
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