2. 外语
  3. Leading politicians in the campaign to pull the UK out of the European Union are changing fast on a number of pledges, particula

Leading politicians in the campaign to pull the UK out of the European Union are changing fast on a number of pledges, particula

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问题 Leading politicians in the campaign to pull the UK out of the European Union are changing fast on a number of pledges, particularly over extra money for health care.
选项 A、backlashing
B、backpedaling
C、backfiring
D、backsliding
答案B
解析    (1)句子结构。
   本句主语中有两个定语：Leading politicians in the campaign (介词短语作Leading politicians的定语) to pull the UK out of the European Union (不定式短语作in the campaign的定语)
(2)选项词义。
A．backlash v.强烈反对；发生后冲
B．backpedal v.改变主意，变卦，背弃诺言
C．backfire v.回火；适得其反；弄巧成拙
D．backslide v.倒退；堕落；背离宗教
句子大意为“在英国脱欧运动中，一些权威政客在许多承诺上一直出尔反尔，特别在医疗卫生增加资金的问题上更是反复无常”。只有backpedal有“改变”这一含义，因此backpedaling为正确答案。
【知识拓展】(1)语法拓展：主语的修饰语。
主语的修饰语可以由介词短语、分词短语或不定式等充当；当主语含有多个不同类型的修饰短语时，要注意识别句子的主干结构。试分析下句中的主语修饰语以及句子主干结构。
e．g．The emphasis given by scholars and statesmen to the presumption of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade．
学者和政治家们过多强调美国边疆假说，从而掩盖了国际贸易条件的变化及其后果所产生的巨大作用。
   (2)词汇拓展：backpedal与backslide。
   ①backpedal v. to try to escape the consequences of a statement or action by retracting it，modifying it，or toning it down
   e．g．They promised to cut taxes，but they’re beginning to backpedal now．
   他们答应要减税，现在却开始打退堂鼓。
   ②backslide v. drop to a lower level，as in one’s morals or standards
   e．g．He’s a reformed criminal who may yet backslide．
   他犯过罪，接受过改造，但仍有可能故态复萌。
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