2. 考研
  3. A ) Eye fixations are brief. B ) Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude. C ) Eye contact can be a friendl

A ) Eye fixations are brief. B ) Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude. C ) Eye contact can be a friendl

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问题     A ) Eye fixations are brief.
    B ) Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude.
    C ) Eye contact can be a friendly social signal.
    D ) Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact.
    E ) Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated.
    F ) Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers.
    G ) Eye contact can also be aggressive.
    In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic, such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here’s what hard science reveals about eye contact:
    【B11】________
    We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother’s eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking at someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone’s attention in a crowded room. "Eye contact and smiles" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.
    【B12】________
    Neuroscientist Bonnie Auyeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high-functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researchers, using advanced methods of brain scanning.
    【B13】________
    With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it’s more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you’re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you’re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.
    【B14】________
    When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.
    【B15】________
In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance, according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues. "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.
【B12】
选项
答案E
解析 我们对本填空所对应的原文段落进行通读和把握，首先本填空对应的段落中不存在表达态度倾向性的线索词，即没有阐述eye contact是friendly(友好的)还是hostility(敌对)的问题，因此可以排除几个带有明显倾向性主旨的小标题，同时，本段落存在着大量的学术术语线索词，它们都是E选项中的Biological factors(生物学因素)，本段落还提到being explored by other researchers，这里的being explored就是“探索，研究，调研”的意思。在剩余的小标题选项A、D、E中再进行对比，发现只有选项E中的being investigated与being explored by other researchers是同义复现，而且小标题E)Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated(眼神交流背后的生物学因素还有待调查)就是对本段落信息的总结，因此本题的答案为选项E。
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