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  3. As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing t

As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing t

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问题    As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing them. When it comes to research misconduct, UK universities are failing on both points.
   The United Kingdom has no regulatory body to deal with research misconduct. Instead, since three years ago universities have had to adhere to a set of guidelines in order to receive grants from major funders. Called The Concordat (协定) to Support Research Integrity, the guidelines detail good practice and aim to strengthen the mechanisms available for investigating misconduct They also call on universities to publish annual summaries of their formal misconduct investigations.
   【F1】British universities are image-conscious, especially since the 1998 introduction of tuition fees established a marketplace, and it is understandable that many are reluctant to publish the figures. 【F2】The few that do publish reports risk being singled out as having a problem, when in fact the reverse is true —such investigations show that the institution has processes to detect and deal with misconduct. But almost 2% of researchers admit to having fabricated, falsified or modified data at least once. Pretending that misconduct does not happen is no longer an option.
   Discussion at a research-integrity conference in London suggested that many institutions have just been slow to publish details of their misconduct investigations, rather than aiming to avoid it entirely. 【F3】It also emerged that staff who oversee research integrity in universities, and who are still working out how to ensure that their institutions adhere to the concordat feel under-resourced.
   For those universities that do have adequate systems to report and deal with misconduct, making investigation summaries public would be an easy win. 【F4】Those institutions that have yet to make such systems a priority should remember that the concordat was introduced because UK systems for dealing with issues of research integrity had been judged inadequate by a parliamentary enquiry. Unlike in the United States, where the Office of Research Integrity oversees formal misconduct investigations related to research funded by the US National Institutes of Health, or Ireland, which plans to subject labs to spot-checks from auditors, UK universities have been allowed to police themselves.
   Research misconduct is a fact, and institutions should not feel that they will be penalized for investigating cases promptly and fairly. The best way to change perceptions is to ensure full compliance. 【F5】If every university acknowledges the issue, then the risk of being an outlier disappears, and only those institutions that choose not to publish will be the subject of suspicion and public scrutiny.
【F4】
选项
答案而那些尚未将这样的体系放在优先地位的大学应该记住，《支持科研诚信协定》之所以被引入，是因为英国议会调查发现，英国处理研究诚信问题的体系不够完善。
解析 ①本句是复合句。主句主干为Those institutions should remember…；主句主语Those institutions指代某类英国大学，第一个that引导定语从句，补充说明此类英国大学的特点；第二个that引导从句作主句谓语remember“记住”的宾语，说明需要记住的内容。②第二个that引导的宾语从句为主从复合句，主句与从句均为被动语态，because引导句中的原因状语从句，说明the concordat was introduced的原因。③介词短语for dealing with issues of research integrity“处理与研究诚信相关事宜的”作后置定语，修饰UK systems。
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