首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
admin
2012-06-09
164
问题
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain’s physical deterioration.
(61)
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental abili-ty are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (62)
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(63)
Examining brain scans(脑部扫描的X光片) of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex(脑皮层).
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2. 5 percent per decade starting in adulthood. "
There is ,however ,a "remarkable range" of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(64)
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospi-nal fluid(脑脊液) surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid , the greater the cortical (脑皮层的) shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1. 77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (65)
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
选项
答案
然而,他解释说,这项研究成果表明的是,接受过教育的人在大脑功能开始崩溃之前更能经受得住大脑组织的丧失。
解析
句子框架是However,he explained,the finding suggests that education al—lows people to withstand...before their mental functioning begins to break down。heexplained是插入语。that引导宾语从句。在此从句中包含了一个由before引导的时间状语从句;suggest这里意思是“表明,显示”,break down翻译为“崩溃”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/Vwxd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublication
Youareallowed35minutestowriteacompositionbasedontheoutlinebelow.Thesuggestedtitleis:PleasuresoftheCountry.
【61】Weallknowthatthenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternatingwithsome16-17hours’wa
About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.Butwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwere
Accordingtothelecture,whatwastheresultofAli’s1964fightagainstSonnyListon?
Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsforme
Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsforme
Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsforme
Exactlywherewewillstandinthelongwaragainstdiseasebytheyear2050isimpossibletosay.【61】Butifdevelopmentsinr
Increasingly,thedevelopmentoftourismisseentohaveaneffectontheenvironment.Erosionisoneproblem.Thestepsandsto
随机试题
根据公司法律制度的规定,上市公司的下列事项中,独立董事应当发表独立意见的有()。
测定人体基础代谢率需要的条件有
苏合香丸的功用是()(2001年第46题)
患者,男性,70岁,反复咳嗽、咳痰,伴喘息30余年,查体发现其心尖搏动在剑突下,提示该病人出现
内痔主要根据下列哪项症状进行分期
材料净用量的确定方法有()。
物业管理经营应缴纳的税金包括()。
丢失:拾获:归还
在Access中,参照完整性规则不包括
Athirdoftheplanet’slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherateof24bntonnesayear,accordingto
最新回复
(
0
)