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  3. Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown Uni

Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown Uni

admin2012-03-27  112
问题     Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unmarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.
   Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.
   The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those "surprise" disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They found that after a surprise departrue, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they "trade up." Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.
   But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.
We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be______.
选项 A、generous investors
B、unbiased executives
C、share price forecasters
D、independent advisers
答案D
解析 细节题。题干中的outside directors定位在第二段中3次，第一句和第三句中的outside directors直接出现，第二句中的they也是指代outside directors，因此需要分析每句中outside directors的具体内容。第一句中提到独立董事是在董事会中乐于助人的且较为公正的建议者。第二句中提到他们有足够的独立性来不同意CEO的建议。第三句中提到他们应该根据自己过去度过危机的经历而提出建议(当股票价格下跌时)。
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