2. 外语
  3. Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and his civil service reform. Chester Arthur was elected v

Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and his civil service reform. Chester Arthur was elected v

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问题     Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and his civil service reform. Chester Arthur was elected vice-president of the United States in 1880. In the summer of 1881 President James Garfield was assassinated. A few hours after the President’s death, Chester Arthur took the oath of office. President Arthur had been a successful lawyer and worked in politics for many years, but he had never held an elected office, so in the beginning, some Americans questioned his ability to serve in the White House. President Arthur surprised them; his success in the reform of the civil service system won him much support from the people.
    In his first message to Congress President Arthur proposed a new civil service system that would let ability, not politics, decide who got government jobs. The Republican Party leaders opposed this proposal because the civil service system would stop them form giving federal jobs to their supporters. It would destroy much of their power. These Republican leaders controlled the Congress. They refused to act on the civil service proposal.
    New cases of dishonesty were discovered in government departments. The public began to demand laws to clean up the civil service. In 1882 a new Congress was elected. The new Congress was controlled by the Democratic Party. President Arthur again appealed for civil service reform. This time he got results. The new Congress passed the Civil Service Bill, which required 10 percent of all federal jobs to be filled through competitive examinations. This 10 percent included most workers at the Federal Customs Houses and half the officials in the Post Office Department.
    Chester Arthur’s efforts for honest government won him much support from the people, but he could not win the support of his own Republican Party. He failed to win the Presidential nomination in the Republican Nominating Convention in 1884.
Questions:
Why did Chester Arthur fail in the 1884 presidential election?
选项 A、Because the officials in the Federal Customs Houses didn’t support and vote for him.
B、Because he lost the support of Republican Party and couldn’t win the nomination.
C、Because he punished too many corrupted officials and workers in the Post Office Department.
D、Because he lost the support of public and failed to win the presidential nomination.
答案B
解析 第4题问为什么Arthur在1884年的总统竞选中失败了。本题为具体细节题，我们利用查阅式阅读法，很快便可在全文的最后一段中找到与1884相关的内容。仔细阅读一下这段文字，我们不难推断出本题的正确答案应是B：因为他失去了共和党的支持，没有赢得共和党的提名，从而失去了总统的提名机会。
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