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  3. The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have incre

The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have incre

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问题     The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, " the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials than in providing a quality education for their students. " The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an "integrated core" of common learning. Such a core would introduce students "to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. "
    Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: " Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. " Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure, promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculties say their interests lie more in teaching than in research.
    Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that " There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. "
American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because______.
选项 A、most of them lack high-quality faculties
B、the interests of most faculty members lie in research
C、there are not enough incentives for students to study hard
D、they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching
答案D
解析 联系上下文可发现“Teaching is important，we are told，and yet faculty know that researchand publication matter most．”即是造成这种结果的原因。也就是说文章第二段讲述了学校只重视科研而忽视教学(这正是选项D的意思)导致危机产生，所以“Not surpris—ingly，over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of theirfour-year degree candidates，”故D项正确。文中并未提到学校没有高水平的教员，也未提到学生因没有足够动力而不努力学习的问题，故A、C两项均不符合；从文章最后三句话可知教师更多的是对教学而不是对科研感兴趣，他们重视科研是因为学校重视科研，而不是他们兴趣所在，因此B项也是错误的。
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