2. 外语
  3. Dear Editor: Jones’s new book has the potential to destroy reputations of persons who have held high governmental responsibility

Dear Editor: Jones’s new book has the potential to destroy reputations of persons who have held high governmental responsibility

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问题 Dear Editor: Jones’s new book has the potential to destroy reputations of persons who have held high governmental responsibility during national crises. However, readers should dismiss Jones’s criticisms. Jones’s antigovernment attitude is well known, and his criticisms will convince only those like himself, persons who have never had real responsibility and never will, and hence are not qualified to judge. The argument above includes which of the following questionable techniques?
选项 A、It employs the term "responsibility" in more than one sense.
B、It assumes that attacking the source of a claim is sufficient to disprove the claim.
C、It assumes that the majority of people share Jones’s attitude of opposition to government policies.
D、It appeals to a person of unreliable authority as a supporter of its position.
E、It confuses cause and effect.
答案B
解析 本题段落推理的结论是：“However, readers should dismiss Jone s criticisms”，其依赖的证据是琼斯这个人不好，换句话说，推理要否定的是“琼斯的新书可能会毁掉某些人的名誉”，而采用的论证方法是否定琼斯这个人，所以其隐含假设是攻击某一宣称的来源(琼斯这个人本身)，就是否定这一宣称(琼斯的新书可能会毁掉某些人的名誉)，所以(B)正确。“responsibility”在段落推理中只有一个“责任”的意义，所以(A)不对；(C)与上面推理相违背；段落推理并未提到：“a person of unreliable au-thority”，所以(D)不正确；段落推理的因果并未例置，所以(E)不正确．
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