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  3. In a seeming contradiction, the growth of computer-augmented work will probably create a need for less-skilled workers rather th

In a seeming contradiction, the growth of computer-augmented work will probably create a need for less-skilled workers rather th

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问题     In a seeming contradiction, the growth of computer-augmented work will probably create a need for less-skilled workers rather than the reverse. While early computers required much knowledge and skill to operate, comprehensive software packages have virtually eliminated the requirement for technical knowledge.
    Indeed, advanced software may lead to a decreased need for certain job-related skills. For example , word processing has reduced the need for secretarial typing accuracy, since mistakes can be corrected quickly and easily with no trace of correction. Spell-checking programs can be relied on to prevent common mistakes, thus decreasing the need for that language skill. We have already encountered cashiers who have no need to compute a customer’ s change. Instead, they merely enter the purchase amount and then the amount offered in payment. The machine calculates the change and, in some cases, automatically dispenses it.
    This effect is seen in more complex jobs, too. Nurses in intensive-care units often monitor several patients from a central station. Digital readouts continuously report patients’ vital signs. A-larms sound if values exceed an expected range. Despite the obvious advantages computerization has brought to both patient and staff, some health-care professionals are concerned that they may be losing important " soft" skills. The most important of these may be the intuition born of experience acquired in personally observing hundreds or thousands of patients. The look in a patient’ s eyes, the coloring of skin and the appearance of pain or restlessness are among many indicators used by medical personnel to anticipate changes in patient condition. These cannot be captured on a digital display.
    It cannot be denied that computers have made great contributions to productivity, nor would any reasonable person encourage scrapping the technology. However, we must pay more attention to human needs, and to the long-range effects of making jobs less interesting and decreasing skill requirements.
As the author illustrates, the secretary and cashier______.
选项 A、become slaves to computers
B、enjoy doing computer-assisted work
C、do not have to be smart and efficient at work
D、do not need to master as many job-related skills as they used to
答案D
解析 第二段举例讲到word processing的自动纠错功能降低了对于秘书打字准确的要求，cashiers不再需要亲自计算a customer’s change，而只需要输入顾客购买的总量，电脑就会自动计算出总价，这就说明秘书和出纳员不再需要掌握很多与工作相关的技能。
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