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  3. Yawning can be a problem at the office for Lindsay Eierman, which makes her embarrassed. "I’ ve explained, ’I’m sorry, I didn’ t

Yawning can be a problem at the office for Lindsay Eierman, which makes her embarrassed. "I’ ve explained, ’I’m sorry, I didn’ t

admin2017-08-31  26
问题     Yawning can be a problem at the office for Lindsay Eierman, which makes her embarrassed. "I’ ve explained, ’I’m sorry, I didn’ t get much sleep last night.’" says Ms Eierman, a 26-year-old social worker from Durham, North Carolina. But a lack of sleep may not be the problem.
    Researchers are starting to unravel the mystery surrounding the yawn, one of the most common and often embarrassing behaviours. Yawning, they have discovered, is much more complicated than previously thought. Although all yawns look the same, they appear to have many different causes and to serve a variety of functions.
    Yawning is believed to be a means to keep our brains alert in times of stress. Contagious yawning appears to have evolved in many animal species as a way to protect family and friends, by keeping everyone in the group vigilant. Changes in brain chemistry trigger yawns, which typically last about six seconds and often occur in clusters.
    To unravel the mystery of yawning, scientists built upon early, observed clues. Yawning tends to occur more in summer. Most people yawn upon seeing someone else do it, but infants and people with autism or schizophrenia aren’t so affected by this contagion effect. And certain people yawn at surprising times, like parachutists who are about to jump out of a plane or Olympic athletes getting ready to compete.
    A leading hypothesis is that yawning plays an important role in keeping the brain at its cool, optimal working temperature. The brain is particularly sensitive to overheating, according to Andrew Gallup, an assistant professor of psychology at the State University of New York at Oneonta. Reaction times slow and memory wanes when the brain’ s temperature varies even less than a degree from the ideal 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
    There are some practical applications. Dr. Gallup said managers might want to keep in mind the brain-cooling role of yawning when a meeting is long and boring. "One way to diminish yawning frequency in an office would be to keep it air-conditioned. If it’ s very cold in the room, yawning rates are going to be quite low." Dr. Gallup said.
Lindsay Eierman says she didn’t sleep well last night because
选项 A、yawning is her problem.
B、her colleague doesn’t forgive her.
C、she feels very sorry for yawning at the office.
D、she regards sleep deprivation as the reason of yawning.
答案D
解析 根据题干关键词定位到第一段。第一段讲了林赛-艾尔曼打哈欠的问题，这让 她很尴尬，她解释为昨晚睡眠不足，末句“但打哈欠可能未必是由睡眠不足所致”进行总 结，并自然地引出第二段的内容。所以她如此解释，是因为她把自己打哈欠的原因归结为 睡眠不足，故D项“她认为睡眠不足是打哈欠的原因”为正确答案。A项“打哈欠是她的问 题”，B项“她的同事不原谅她”和C项“她因在办公室打哈欠感到非常抱歉”均与题干“林 赛-艾尔曼说自己昨晚没睡好”不构成因果关系，故排除。
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