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  3. Cultural tendencies impact the way children participate in education. There are different expectations about "normal" school b

Cultural tendencies impact the way children participate in education. There are different expectations about "normal" school b

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问题     Cultural tendencies impact the way children participate in
education. There are different expectations about "normal" school
behavior for students from individualist and collectivist cultures.
Take a moment to think about what teachers who lack knowledge【S1】______
about culture might interpret the behavior of a child from a
collectivist culture. These differences may cause educators【S2】______
inaccurately judge students from some cultures as poorly behaved or
disrespectful. In addition, because cultural differences are hard to
perceive, students may find them reprimanded by teachers but fail to【S3】______
understand what they did that caused concern.
    The influence of culture in beliefs about education, the value of【S4】______
education, and participation styles cannot be overestimated. Many
Asian students, for example, tend to be quiet in class, and using【S5】______
eye contact with teachers is considered inappropriate for many of
these children. In contrast, most European American children are
taught to value active classroom discussion and to look teachers
directly in the eyes to show respect, while their teachers view【S6】______
students’ participation as a signal of engagement and competence.【S7】______
    Another contrast involves the role of Hispanic parents in
education. Parents from some Hispanic cultures tend to regard
teachers as experts and will often refer educational decision making【S8】______
to them. In contrast, European American parents are often more
actively involved in their children’s classrooms, are visible in the
classrooms, or volunteer and assist teachers. These cultural
differences in value and belief may cause educators to make
accurate judgments regarding the value that non-European American【S9】______
families place on education. While it is important to keep in the【S10】______
mind that different cultural groups tend to follow particular language
and interaction styles, there is tremendous variability within cultural
groups.
【S8】
选项
答案refer—defer
解析 词义混淆。该句意思是“……甚至会在教育决定方面听从于他们。”defer…to…为固定搭配，意思是“听从于……，服从于……”，符合句意，而refer…to…意为“提交，归于”，不符合句意，故将refer改为defer。
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