2. 外语
  3. Read the following passage. Eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A~H the one which

Read the following passage. Eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A~H the one which

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问题     Read the following passage. Eight sentences have been removed from the article.
    Choose from the sentences A~H the one which fits each gap.
    For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A~H)on the Answer Sheet.
    Most people associate inflation with price increases on specific goods and services.【R1】______We must be careful to distinguish the phenomenon of inflation from price increases for specific goods. 【R2】______
    Suppose you wanted to know the average price of fruit in the supermarket.【R3】______You might have some success, however, if you sought out the prices of apples, oranges, cherries, and peaches. Knowing the price of each kind of fruit, you could then compute the average price of fruit. The resultant figure would not refer to any particular product, but would convey a sense of how much a typical basket of fruit might cost.【R4】______On occasion, you might even notice that apple prices rose while orange prices fell, leaving the average price of fruit unchanged.
    The same kinds of calculations are made to measure inflation in the entire economy. We first determine the average price of all output—the average price level—then look for changes in that average. 【R5】______
    The average price level may fall as well as rise.【R6】______The deflation occurs when price decreases on some goods and services outweigh price increases on all others.
    【R7】______We already noted, for example, that the price of apples can rise without increasing the average price of fruit, so long as the price of some other fruit(e.g. oranges)falls.【R8】______An increasing in the relative price of apples, for example, simply means that apples have become more expensive in comparison with other fruits(or any other goods or services).
A. Because inflation and deflation are measured in terms of average price levels, it is possible for individual prices to rise or fall continuously without changing the average price level.
B. A decline in average price is called deflation.
C. A rise in the average price level is referred to as inflation.
D. In such circumstances, relative prices are changing, but not average prices.
E. The economy is not necessarily experiencing an inflation, however, every time the price of a cup of coffee goes up.
F. Surely you would not have much success in seeking out an average fruit — nobody would be quite sure what you had in mind.
G. Inflation is an increase in the average level of prices, not a change in any specific price.
H. By repeating these calculations every day, you could then determine whether fruit prices, on average, were changing.
【R8】
选项
答案D
解析 前一句提到“如果苹果的价格上涨而其他水果的价格下降，则水果的平均价格不变”。句D提到“在这种情况下，变化的是相对价格而非平均价格”。最后一句提到“苹果的相对价格提高只是说明苹果比其他水果贵”，是解释相对价格的。由单个水果价格上涨与平均价格的关系，提到相对价格，进而对相对价格做出解释，层层相扣，因此D为正确答案。
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