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  3. Sleep Deficit(不足) Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that is virtually an epidemic of sleepin

Sleep Deficit(不足) Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that is virtually an epidemic of sleepin

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问题                           Sleep Deficit(不足)
    Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to. " says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
    The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark. " By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7. 5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it, " says Dr. David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6. 5 hours, when they really need 7. 5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous. "
    "Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, " researchers say, "is the complexity of the day. " Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his program. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5. 5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. "
    To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or re call a page read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers, " says Dr. David. "Shot-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decision and to concentrate.
People in the 18th and 19th centuries used to sleep about 5 hours a night because they had ______.
选项 A、no drive and ambition
B、no electric lighting
C、the best sleep habits
D、a lot to of the next day
答案B
解析 细节题。第二段的第二、三句说From dairy entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries，sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us，when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark. ”可知，以前夜晚一片漆黑，人们没有事做，因而那时的人们养成了最佳睡眠习惯。本段首提到了睡眠不足是因为电灯泡的发明，可推知18、19世纪的人生因为没有照明，导致没有事情可做，因而养成了早睡觉的习惯。因此，B符合文意。A“没有精力和野心”和C“有最好的睡眠习惯”使用文中的只言片语进行干扰，不正确；D“第二天又很多事情要做”文中没有提及。
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