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  3. Genghis Khan was not one to agonize over gender roles. He was into sex and power, and he didn’t mind saying so. "The greatest jo

Genghis Khan was not one to agonize over gender roles. He was into sex and power, and he didn’t mind saying so. "The greatest jo

admin2009-04-26  30
问题     Genghis Khan was not one to agonize over gender roles. He was into sex and power, and he didn’t mind saying so. "The greatest joy a man can know is to conquer his enemies and drive them before him". The emperor once thundered. Genghis Khan conquered two thirds of the known world during the early 13th century and he may have set an all-time record for what biologists call reproductive success. An account written 33 years after his death credited him with 20,000 descendants.
    Men’s manners have improved markedly since Genghis Khan’s day. At heart, though, we’re the same animals we were 800 years ago, which is to say we are status seekers. We may talk of equality and fraternity. We may strive for classless societies. But we go right on building hierarchies, and jockeying for status within them. Can we abandon the tendency? Probably not. As scientists are now discovering, status seeking is not just a habit or a cultural tradition. It’s a design feature of the male psyche—a biological drive that is rooted in the nervous system and regulated by hormones and brain chemicals.
    How do we know this relentless one-upmanship is a biological endowment? Anthropologists find the same pattern virtually everywhere they look and so do zoologists. Male competition is fierce among crickets, crayfish and elephants, and it’s ubiquitous among higher primates, for example, male chimpanzees have an extraordinarily strong drive for dominance. Coincidence?
    Evolutionists don’t think so. From their perspective, life is essentially a race to repro-duke, and natural selection is bound to favor different strategies in different organisms. In reproductive terms, they have vastly more to gain from it. A female can’t flood the gene pool by commandeering extra mates; no matter how much sperm she attracts, she is unlikely to produce more than a dozen viable offspring. But as Genghis Khan’s exploits make clear, males can profit enormously by out mating their peers. It’s not hard to see how that dynamic, played out over millions of years, would leave modern men fretting over status. We’re built from the genes that the most determined competitors passed down.
    Fortunately, we don’t aspire to families of 800. As monogamy and contraceptives may have leveled the reproductive playfield, power has become its own psychological reward. Those who achieve high status still enjoy more sex with more partners than the rest of us, and the reason is no mystery. Researchers have consistently found that women favor signs of "earning capacity" over good looks. For sheer sex appeal, a doughy(脸色苍白的) bald guy in a Rolex will outscore a stud(非常英俊的男子) in a Burger King uniform almost every time.
选项 A、that he is a man who enjoys great victory m possessing land.
B、the astonishing number of his offspring in the world.
C、how cruel and arrogant an emperor can be in the past.
D、males have a long history of craving for power.
答案D
解析 推理题。任何例子总是为了中心思想服务的，本文就是从生物学和进化学角度探讨男性对权利地位的追求问题，因此举出一个非常久远的例子，是为了说明男性的这种对权利地位的追求由来已久，不是近年来的变化。
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