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  3. You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood

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问题 You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A-G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text(41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
[A]A pioneering and radical idea
[B]The cost-cutting strategies
[C]The innovator’s dilemma
[D]The coming campus rumpus
[E]The effective source of savings
[F]New thinking about higher education
[G]Better management with less
                        How to make college cheaper
    Derek Bok, a former president of Harvard, once observed that " universities share one characteristic with compulsive gamblers and exiled royalty; there is never enough money to satisfy their desires. " America’s universities have raised their fees five times as fast as inflation over the past 30 years. Student debt in America exceeds credit-card debt. Yet still the universities keep sending begging letters to alumni and philanthropists. This insatiable appetite for money was bad enough during the boom years. It is truly irritating now that middle-class incomes are stagnant and students are struggling to find good jobs.
【C1】______
    Are universities inevitably expensive? Vance Fried, of Oklahoma State University, recently conducted a fascinating thought experiment, backed up by detailed calculations. Is it possible to provide a first-class undergraduate education for $6,700 a year rather than the $25 ,900 charged by public research u-niversities or the $51,500 charged by their private peers? He concluded that it is.
【C2】______
    First, separate the funding of teaching and research. Research is a public good, he reasoned, but there is no reason why undergraduates should pay for it. Second, increase the student-teacher ratio. Business and law schools achieve good results with big classes. Why not other colleges? Mr. Fried thinks that universities will be able to mix some small classes with big ones even if they have fewer teachers. Third, eliminate or consolidate programmes that attract few students. Fourth, puncture administrative bloat.
【C3】______
    Americans could complete their undergraduate degrees in three years instead of four. In practice, most American students take even longer than four years, not least because so many work to pay their tuition. Surprisingly, America’s future corporate titans take a leisurely two years to complete their MBAs; most Europeans need only one.
【C4】______
    Shai Reshef, an educational entrepreneur-turned-philanthropist, sets up his University of the People which offers free higher education, pitching itself to poor people in America and the rest of the world. The university does this by exploiting three resources: the goodwill of academic volunteers who want to help the poor, the availability of free "courseware" on the internet and the power of social networking. Some 2,000 academic volunteers have designed the courses and given the university some credibility. Tutors direct the students, who so far number 1,000 or so and hail from around the world, to the online courses. They also help to organise them into study groups, and then supervise from afar, dropping in on discussions and marking tests.
【C5】______
    Sometimes when academics grouse that there is "never enough money" , they are justified—big science costs big bucks. But higher education is nevertheless marred by inefficiencies and skewed incentives. Students pay to be taught, but their professors are rewarded almost entirely for research. Mr. Fried’s calculations suggest that one can slash costs without sacrificing much that student’s value. Mr. Reshefs experiment may fail, but there is no doubt that universities need more experimenters. The cost of tuition cannot forever rise faster than students’ ability to pay. Industries that cease to offer value for money sooner or later get shaken up. American universities are ripe for shaking.
【C5】
选项
答案D
解析 第六段是全文的总结。学费过高、科研经费比例大、教学质量的保障、免费高校是否可行，这必将是各高校继续探讨的话题，也是激发改革的原因。选项[D]中的coming意思是“即将来临的”，rumpus意思是“争论”。文中bucks=dollars；be shaken up，“整顿，改组”。
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