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  3. Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital sy

Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital sy

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问题     Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think.
    The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge.
    But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entities—the colleges and universities—the pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by information technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology-aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia.
    American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional.
    Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university’ s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information.
    The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation’ s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce.
Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to________.
选项 A、make money
B、change the relationship between people and knowledge
C、take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologies
D、adapt to the development of digital technologies
答案D
解析 本题要求考生在通读第二段的基础上进行判断。由第二段最后一句“It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge．(可以毫不夸张地说，信息技术完全改变了人与知识的关系。)”可知，是信息技术改变了人与知识的关系，和各种机构无关，所以，选项B不正确。由第二段第一句“The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well．(数字技术的迅速发展不仅给社会提供了更多的机会，也带来了很多挑战。)”可知，各种机构调整其战略和活动，并不仅仅是为了利用数字技术带来的机会，还为了应对数字技术带来的挑战，所以，选项C不正确，而选项D正确。选项A在文中没有提到。所以，本题选择D。
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