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  3. Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together an

Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together an

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问题     Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together and share. There is no money in Utopia because the people do not need money. They do not have personal possessions because everything belongs to everyone. All of the people are equal in Utopia, and the laws are all fair.
    Utopia is not a new place. Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, described a perfect society in his famous dialogue The Republic. In Plato’s Republic, philosophers were the kings, and every person had a place in the society. In 1516, Sir Thomas More wrote about an island in the Pacific Ocean where everything was perfect. He named the island "Utopia." In 1872, Samuel Butler wrote a novel about a perfect country which he named "Erehwon": "Utopia" is a Greek word that means "not a place" and "Erehwon" is the English word "nowhere" spelled backwards.
    Many people came to the New World to find Utopia. The Shakers, a religious group, wanted to live like the first Christians. The Shakers started their first community in New York in 1776. George Rapp, a German farmer, came to the United States in 1804 to start a Utopian community. In 1815, Rapp and his followers bought land for their community in Harmony, Indiana, and they made the things they needed with machines. In 1824, they sold the community to Robert Owen, who started the Utopian community of New Harmony there. In New Harmony, everything belonged to everyone and men and women were equal, but New Harmony lasted only two years. Then Francis Wright began Nashoba, a community where white people and black people could live and work together, near Memphis, Tennessee. Nashoba lasted from 1825 to 1830. A group of intellectuals founded Brook Farm, a Utopian farming community, in 1841. However, they did not have many farming skills, so the farm closed in 1847. Four years later, Josiah Warren set up Modern Times, an anarchist community near New York City. It closed in 1857.
    Utopia is a perfect place, but it is not a real place. Most "real" Utopias last only a short time. This is because everyone wants to live in Utopia, but no one knows how to make it work. As a result, when we say something is "Utopian" today, we mean that it is a good idea, but it is not realistic.
From the passage we can learn that Shakers______.
选项 A、founded the first community in New York
B、believed the first Christian community was Utopia
C、had tried to found Utopia only in New York
D、had established the first real Utopia in the world
答案B
解析 第3段第1句表明该段描述的公社都是以乌托邦的形式建立起来的，由此可见，Shakers建立的公社也是乌托邦式的，而该段第2句表明Shakers要像最早的基督教徒那样生活，由此可推断，Shakers首先认为最早的基督教徒生活在一个乌托邦里，然后他们才会到新大陆去建立乌托邦公社，因此，B是正确的推断，为本题答案。
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