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  3. By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nati

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nati

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问题     By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nations looked【C2】______to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian colonialism, many of the leaders of independence【C3】______the ideals of representative government, careers【C4】______to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the【C5】______to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 【C6】______there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a【C7】______set of laws.
    On the issue of【C8】______of religion and the position of the Church, 【C9】______, there was less agreement【C10】______the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one【C11】______by the Spanish Crown.【C12】______most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism【C13】______the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the【C14】______of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying【C15】______for the conservative forces.
    The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had【C16】______in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s【C17】______colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much【C18】______because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies【C19】______. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was【C20】______self-rule and democracy.
【C16】
选项 A、urged
B、intended
C、expected
D、promised
答案D
解析 考查动词辨析。本题选择动词，与to构成搭配，在句子中作宾语。空格处所在的句意为“玻利瓦尔得到海地的援助，作为回报，他______在自己解放的地区废除奴隶制度”。从句中的inreturn可以看出，海地对玻利瓦尔的帮助并非无条件的，其条件就是后者承诺废除奴隶制度。因此，正确答案为D．promised“承诺，答应，保证”。urged“敦促，力劝”；intended“打算，计划”；expected“要求，指望”，均不符合题意。
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