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  3. We often take a militaristic, "tough" approach to resilience and grit. We imagine a marine slogging through the mud, a boxer goi

We often take a militaristic, "tough" approach to resilience and grit. We imagine a marine slogging through the mud, a boxer goi

admin2021-06-15  1
问题         We often take a militaristic, "tough" approach to resilience and grit. We imagine a marine slogging through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the turf for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
        The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year (that’s billion, not million) in lost productivity.
        The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3 a.m. to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience. And the bad habits we learn when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.
        The key to resilience is trying really hard, then stopping, recovering, and then trying again. This conclusion is based on biology. Homeostasis is a fundamental biological concept describing the ability of the brain to continuously restore and sustain well-being. Positive neuroscientist Brent Furl from Texas A&M University coined the term "homeostatic value" to describe the value that certain actions have for creating equilibrium, and thus well-being, in the body. When the body is out of alignment from overworking, we waste a vast amount of mental and physical resources trying to return to balance before we can move forward.
        If you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Mustering your resources to "try hard" requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. This is called upregulation. It also exacerbates exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
        So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, that your brain will naturally recover, such that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times where you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. Because your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states.
Which of the following opinions is INCORRECT according to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
选项 A、The key to resilience lies in pushing hard and also stopping for recovery, because if we worked too hard and our body will not find its balance back.
B、The homeostatic value of the activity for recovery increases as we have got more imbalanced from overworking.
C、We need to keep balance between working hard and recovery and the more we work, the more recovery we need.
D、Trying hard when you are exhausted will burn out your body, which will need more resources to get recovered.
答案A
解析 细节题。题干：根据第四段和第五段，下面哪一个观点是不对的?本题可以采用排除法做题。B项“当我们过度劳累，身体变得更加不平衡时，恢复活动的体内平衡值就会增加”，根据关键词“value”“overworking”，定位到第五段中的“Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking，the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us”，由此可知，B项正确。C项“我们需要保持努力工作和恢复的平衡，我们工作的越多，我们需要的恢复就越多”，根据第五段中的“If you have too much time in the performance zone，you need more time in the recovery zone，otherwise you risk burnout…”可知，工作量越大，我们需要的恢复就越多，C项正确。D项“当你已经很疲惫的时候仍然坚持，你就会精疲力竭，然后需要更多的资源才能恢复”，根据选项定位到第五段中的“Mustering your resources to：try hard’ requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level…It also exacerbates exhaustion.”可知，在你需要恢复的时候仍坚持工作，就需要调动更多的精力，更加疲惫，D项正确。综上所述，B、C、D三项均可排除，A项与原文“The key to resilience is trying really hard，then stopping，recovering，and then trying again”不符，且选项后半部分表述过于绝对。故本题选A。
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