2. 外语
  3. In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】______

In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】______

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问题     In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】______half of the 19th century; most of them were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U. S. the day-nursery movement received great impetus during the First World War, when【C2】______of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established even in munitions(军火)plants, under direct government sponsorship.【C3】______the number of nurseries in the U. S. also rose sharply, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War,【C4】______, Federal, state, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control【C5】______the day nurseries, chiefly by licensing them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.
    The outbreak of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were【C6】______called upon to replace men in the factories. On this【C7】______the U. S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, allocating $6 000 000 in July, 1942, for a nursery-school program for the children of working mothers. Many states and local communities【C8】______this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100 000 children were being cared for in day-care centers receiving Federal subsidies. Soon afterward, the Federal government【C9】______cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later abolished them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their【C10】______at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
【C2】
选项 A、sources
B、abundance
C、shortage
D、reduction
答案C
解析 本题要求一个确切的名词。根据上下文，一次世界大战中男子要上前线作战，劳动力短缺，女性从事产生劳动的人数锐增，所以C项shortage(短缺，不足)符合题意，为正确答案。其他选项中sources指“来源，源泉”；abundance指“充足，充实，大量”；reduction指“减少，下降”，它们都不符题意。
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